Find a topic about math and relate to interior& architecture design Essay

Find a topic about math and relate to interior& architecture design major - Essay Example To better understand the importance of mathematics in architecture, the most initial thing is to come up with a clear understanding regarding the concept of architecture itself. It hence refers to a system of structures and buildings that tend to form a space standard for the people’s activities and lives, as well as the art of creating these structures and buildings in correspondence to the cognitive laws that governs beauty. It follows from this definition that there exist two aspects of Architecture notion. On the other hand, Architecture is a specific kind of technological advancement that is intended for the formation of a space standard for activity and lives of people. The architects should hence be conversant with the mechanical laws so as to ensure that the proper mechanical stability and strength regarding the given structures and buildings. Architecture comes out as a form of Fine Art that should be created by an architect in his "structures and buildings with correspondence to the laws of shape and beauty. This means that an architect has to be accorded clear guideline by the Principles and Laws of Beauty and Harmony in his/her creativity. As a form of Fine Art, Architecture is closely connected to other types of Fine Arts including Music, Painting, and Sculpture. In this correlation the idea of creating emerging mathematical concepts, as well as the Mathematical Harmony tend to arise. It is hence unfeasible make cognitive statements on all the scientific attainments of Mathematical Harmony in a brief essay. Based on the historical perspectives, there is a clear relationship that emerges between metaphysics and physics, and the fact that architecture has always been a perfect contender with regards to the metaphysical representation with its inherent geometrical character. Thus, what can be found as a societal body of knowledge will usually be symbolically represented in its established

Human Growth and Development Essay Example for Free

Human Growth and Development Essay The average child begins to walk between? (C) 11and12months Source: page 85 5. According to Piaget, adaptation is made up of the two processes called? E) Accommodation and assimilation Source: internet 6. The fact that parents will provide less direction to a child who begins to show competence on a task, supports the theory of? (D) Vygotsky Source: chapter 7 7. According to the information- processing approach, children’s memories improve with age m because? (A) They get better at organizing information Source: page 26 8. Jane digs a hole in the sandbox while Jim, who is sitting next to her, fills his bucket with sand they share the shovels in the sandbox and talk about school they are engaged in? Associative play Source: internet 9. Which of the following research methods is most often used to study rare or unique situations or behavior? (B) Psychosocial Source: page 33 10. Which of the following theories describes stages of development? (C) Discontinuity Source: page 269 11. Which of the following is an example of instrumental aggression? (A) Sara pushes Joy out of the way so she can get a toy she wants to play with first Source: page 269 12. According to statistics, which group commits most of the child abuse in our country? Which theoretical perspective assumes there is a bidirectional relationship between the person and the environment? C. psychobiological Source: internet 14. A problem with longitudinal research is? C. subject to drop out Source: page 36 15. Students who have developed a mastery orientation would attribute a good grade on a test to their ability; and a bad grade on a test to? (D) Lack of effort Source: internet 16. According to recent research, which of the following has shown a correlation with age, but is NOT found only in older people? E. wisdom Source: internet 17. Compared to peer groups in middle childhood, adolescent peer groups? C. are more structured and exclusive Source: page 332 18. Which of the following indicates the -presence of empathy? C. Mollie laughs when she sees something funny on television Source: internet 19. among the parenting styles that have been studied by Baumrind, which of the following is associated with the most negative impact on development? B. authoritarian Source: page 253 20. Which of the following statements about physical growth is true? A. Physical growth is rapid during infancy, slows during early and middle childhood, and then rapid again during adulthood. Research on the growth hormone (GH) has shown that? E. vitamin C can simulate GH productivity in the body Source: internet 22. Researchers have studied the impact of late versus early maturation on adolescents ‘adjustment. Which of the pairs below have been shown to have the best adjustment outcomes? C. late maturing boys and early maturing girls Source: internet 23. One theory of biological aging suggests aging is inevitable and is caused by? C. wear and tear from normal use Source: page 538 24. An effective treatment for the side effects of menopause is? The type of hearing loss associated with aging is loss of sensitivity for C. high frequency sounds Source: page 545 34. One reason older adults experience declining eye sight is? B. a decrease in the size of the retina Source: page 543 35. Which of the following statements represents the learning approach to language development? C. Children learn language by formulating and testing hypotheses about the meaning of words and the rules of their combination. Source: internet 36. Which of the following is an example of over regularization in language development? D. We, Mommy and I went to the store. † Source: internet 37. Billy sees a beach ball and says â€Å"ball. † He sees a basketball and says â€Å"bait† He sees a soccer ball and says â€Å"baL† Finally he sees a globe on a desk and says â€Å"ball† Calling the globe a ball is referred to as? A. Categorization Source: internet 38. Noam Chomsky argued that the ability to learn language? C. is positively correlated with intelligence Source: internet 39. The first stage of language development is B. babbling Source: internet 40. An indication that we are born prepared to acquire a language is the fact that A. nfants can discriminate among all of the speech sounds used in all of the world’s languages even better than adults Source: internet 41. Studies of intelligence in adulthood have shown A. while there is some decline in information processing, there is some stability in fluid and crystallized interference Source: internet 42. Sibling rivalry tends to be worse during B. early childhood Source: page 259 43. Compared with children who have siblings, only children D. does better academically Source: page 261 44. Although the rate of divorce is high, the rate of remarriage is also high. This leads to a large number of reconstituted families referred to as B. blended families Source: page 607 45. A sexual offender is more likely to target A, an early maturing child Source: internet 46. one way to help children adjust to divorce is to? A) minimize the conflict between parents after the divorce Source: page 261 47. Researchers examining cultural influences on self esteem have found that (A) Chinese and Japanese children score lower in self-esteem than American children Source: internet 48. Children display learned helplessness if their parents C) set high standards of achievement for them, but also communicate e belief that the child is not very capable

Hemp :: essays research papers

Hemp PREAMBLE As we enter a new millennium, we find ourselves reevaluating the paths we've chosen and the decisions we've made. Have we made the best with what we've got or are we stumbling in the dark? How many gaps riddle the blanket of our knowledge? The problem lies in how we make sense of where we're heading. Do we choose the path of economics and progress or do we choose the path of environmentalism and sustainability? Is there a median available for us to take where the greens of economy and environment are balanced or are we doomed to blindly continue the path of short-term gain and comfort . . . living out a flawed paradigm? Canada is a prime example of a country that is continually weighing its power and influence on the natural and manmade worlds. We've found ourselves sitting on the global fence between our magliomaniacal brother to the south and our staunch traditionalist motherland to the east. From this division of powers and alliances we find ourselves locked into a self-induced ignorance and stifling conservatism. It's ironic that we have the opportunity to solve most of Canada's critical environmental issues in one fell swoop . . . with one simple plant. It is ignorance and the maintenance of the status quo that has blinded and crippled our ability to realize this resource. INTRODUCTION A plant exists that is so strong that it can be grown without requiring chemicals in almost every part of the world. Many have touted this plant as a possible way in which to wean society from its dependence on fossil fuels for energy and the need to log forests for pulp, paper and wood. It is even said that this plant could adequately clothe and feed the world more efficiently and cheaply than we can do now! Why is this miracle plant not used if all evidence points to its versatility? The answer is bogged down in a century of law, sociology, the corporate agenda and conspiracy theories. Since the early part of the century, hemp has been considered a drug, though it has no euphoric attributes. Hemp: the wonder plant and possible solution to the bulk of our problems is illegal only because it is seen as guilty by it's association with marijuana. Hemp is a herbaceous plant called "cannabis sativa", which means `useful (sativa) hemp (cannabis)'. Fiber is the best known product, and the word `hemp' can also mean the rope or twine which is made from the plant, as well as just the stalk of the plant which produced it. History has proven its acceptance of hemp: both the U.

Clearing the Smoke with Education

Do you want to die? Do you want your children to experience early deaths? These questions run through my mind every time I witness people puffing away on their cigarettes. It genuinely hurts me to see parents smoking around their children. As if this isn†t enough to promote smoking among the young, there are a number of other elements that encourage them to smoke. As one writer explains, â€Å"They†ve learned from movies and advertising that smoking makes them more mature and sophisticated† (Chen 29). They would look anything but sophisticated lying in the morgue with family and friends hovering over, grieving. This case is closed! The cause of death is lung cancer at age 35. Also as another writer states, â€Å"Recently tobacco companies have found new ways to promote their products to youth. They support their sporting events and concerts, and even give them discounts on hip clothing† (Schwartz). We, the people, need to come up with a sensible solution on how to cut down on cigarette smoking amongst the young and old. There are many sensible solutions that could be tried. We could always pass a law stating complete prohibition of tobacco products, but as we look back at the 18th Amendment, prohibition of alcohol, that may not be such a wise choice. Some may say that prohibition should be passed on tobacco products because they are un-nutritional. That statement is a farce! This couldn†t be passed as a general rule because â€Å"†¦ there†s absolutely no nutritional reason for adding salt to food, or consuming beer, whiskey, butter, potato chips, and candy†¦ † (Williams 35). My view is if prohibition were to pass, that†s fine, but we should brace ourselves for a new generation for Al Capones. This is why it is time to take the initiative to educate our selves and the younger generation on the harmfulness of tobacco products. First of all, I think everyone has the common knowledge that â€Å"tobacco products are harmful†(Bowles 32). So why do people use them? The first puff of a cigarette is usually the result of curiosity or, perhaps, peer pressure when talking about a group of teenagers. I am challenging you to go out and ask as many regular smokers as you can if they read the Surgeon General warning on the back of a pack of cigarettes. I wish you luck in trying to find someone who will respond positively. So really people have no true knowledge about tobacco other than what is told to them. If people listen when they are told that tobacco products are harmful, maybe if we dig deeper and pull out specific consequences and real life stories, smokers would truly understand the danger they are in. As writer, Sally Chen states, the biggest danger would be â€Å"†¦ how hard it is to stop once you†ve started† (Chen 29). Chen also shares the thought that â€Å"[Tobacco is] an addictive drug that not only harms the user but everyone else through secondary smoke† (30). Also, because tobacco products are extremely un-nutritional, if we help to lower the amount of smokers, we will help to lower health care costs. This aspect of saving money is one that everyone would embrace! Perhaps if we educate people they will never start, hence avoiding the danger of addiction. Unfortunately, I will admit that there are hills to climb before we can start this education process. First, will people listen? Educating children wouldn†t be as difficult has educating adults. With children we could incorporate smoking education into their everyday schooling where they are forced to listen or they fail. I am proposing that there should be in depth information presented to the children about the consequences of smoking. For example, when I took a chemistry course, my instructor would preach on how careful you had to be when working with chemicals. He would use real life stories to explain what happens when we misuse the chemicals. A lot of the time I was terrified to use some of these chemicals for fear of getting burned or going blind. If we do the same when educating people about smoking, we may get somewhere in the fight to decrease the percentage of people who do smoke. We have to understand that we cannot make anyone listen, but if a child fails the course, it will be repeated until the child passes. When the child passes, it signifies that they know the information and, hopefully, that it sunk in. Some may argue that this â€Å"un-important† subject could take away from other school subjects. Let me ask you this, does learning about the human body in health class take away from other subjects. Or how about the learning of alcohol when taking a Safety Ed course? When you look at this objection as a whole, there are really no downsides to this option. However, it can be extremely beneficial. Sure, children need to pay attention to their English and Math courses, but will they be able to use them in the future if they are lying in a hospital bed with emphysema? I don†t think so. Incorporating smoking education into the everyday health classes is not a hazard, but rather a swift start to a smoke free America. However, with adults it may not be this easy. You cannot make adults come to school, as you can with children. Adults have to want to be educated in order to be educated. Newspaper advertisements are a good way to present the hazards of smoking. Catchy headlines and striking attention getters are a requirement if we want adults to read more than the first line. There could be advertisements posting dates and times on classes where you can go and learn about the effects of smoking. These classes are for people who want to quit, which is why newspaper articles are needed to make people think twice about smoking. Television commercials or, perhaps, infomercials are other alternatives to getting the public†s attention. Once people begin to understand what smoking is really about, if they are smart, they will want to quit. Another question that may arise is where are we going to get the money to fund these classes? Money isn†t a problem when smoking classes are being taught in the schools. Nothing changes in that sense. As for funding outside of school classes, such as those available to adults, there are some simple solutions to raising money. Getting support from larger anti-smoking organizations is always a plus and sometimes they will even provide donations to organizations that they find to be beneficial to people. Another way to raise money is through fundraisers. Setting up walk-a-thons and other health related events is always a good way to raise money, and it†s also a good way to make your organization well known. Putting taxes on cigarettes is not an option that should be forgotten. There are copious ways that these classes can be funded, so there is no ned for it to be made into a major issue. Education is a positive solution in preventing smoking among all age groups. If people are properly educated, the end result should be rewarding. As smoking decreases from generation to generation, the health of the American people will increase and life expectancies may rise also. Being human myself, I know that people will listen, as long as they are not forced to, for â€Å"†¦ mankind always struggles to be free† (Bowles 33). We need to approach this problem with gentleness, but with confidence that we can prevent the smoking problem from becoming bigger. The goal here is to help people enjoy long, healthy lives. Use your right to choose wisely, because you have the right to live!

Experiment Essay

The primary focus of experiment 4 was to teach a student the basic solubility rules of salts in aqueous solutions. After developing and using a scheme for the qualitative analysis of three cations in an aqueous mixture, a student would use a centrifuge to identify, precipitate, and separate the three ions in the mixture. After becoming familiar with all three cations, the student would use the scheme again to identify at least two of the cations in an unknown solution. In order to begin the separation process, HCl is added to the mixture of cations to form the precipitates and separate the chlorides of Ag+, Pb2+, and HG22+. It is important not to add too much HCl because an excess would form the soluble complexes of AgCl and PbCl2. After the HCl is added, it is centrifuged to form a solid precipitate that contains all three cations and separate them from the supernatant liquid. Finally, another drop of HCl is added to test for completeness of precipitation and centrifuged again if the solution remains incomplete. To separate the lead (II) ion from the sample of solution, it must be separated from the insoluble Hg2Cl2 and AgCL salts by dissolving it in hot water. Once it has been dissolved from the other two cations, it is centrifuged and the liquid is decanted into another test tube. Once in the other test tube, a drop of 6.0 M acetic acid and two drops of 1.0 M K2CrO4 is added to the saved liquid. If the lead (II) cation is present, a yellow precipitate forms and ensures the presence of that cation. When testing my unknown solution, the lead (II) ion was not present in my solution. To further separate the cations, 1.0 mL of 6 M NH3 is added to the saved precipitate. After adding the ammonia, the mixture is centrifuged and the liquid is once again decanted into another test tube. If a gray or black precipitate forms, this proves the presence of Hg22+. The mercury (I) ion was present in my unknown. Finally, separating the silver ions from the sample solution mixture is accomplished in the prior step when the mercury ion is centrifuged. In order to test for the presence of silver ions, 1 mL of 6M HNO3 is added to the solution from the prior step. The silver precipitates in this acidic solution. If a white precipitate appears, silver is present in the solution. The presence of a white precipitate in the solution proves that there were silver ions in my unknown. By following the scheme for the qualitative analysis, it was simple to separate and test for the presence of the target cations. It was critical to correctly label every one of the liquids to ensure the correct reactions. No other difficulties prevented success in the experiment, but performing the experiment several times would further reinforce the outcome of the experiment.

An introduction to the benefits of low-noise I-TEC dimming essays

An introduction to the benefits of low-noise I-TEC dimming essays In 1962 a new design of dimmer was publicly demonstrated in London for the first time. Known as the SCR or Thyristor, the dimmer used two solid-statesemiconductor devices to chop each half cycle of the mains sine wave such that the current to the lamp was continuously variable. The technique was not new, as it was the principle behind the so-called 'electronic' dimmers of the previous decade which used thyratron valves. Experimental dimmers had been made previously using thyristors, but the breakthrough came when the thyristor became commercially available in a range of power ratings suitable for lighting applications. Thyristors are devices which switch on very quickly when triggered. By using a thyristor in a lamp circuit as a gate to block alternating current from the mains supply to the lamp, and then opening the gate at a prede-termined point in the mains half-cycle, a proportion of the full mains supply only is passed to the lamp. This process of blocking and releasing current happens each half cycle of the mains supply (in other words, 100 times a second), and the rapidly switching mains supply is averaged out by the thermal response of the lamp's filament to appear a smooth and constant dimmed level to the eye. By reducing the 'blocking' period and thus extending the 'on' period, the lamp receives more current per cycle and the illumination appears brighter to our eyes. If the blocking period is longer the lamp is dimmed, and if the thyristor is not triggered, no current at all passes to the lamp.The thyristor dimmer was launched into a market which, for many years, had relied on resistor dimmers, auto transformers, magnetic dimmers or 'electronic' valve dimmers, and the benefits were immediately appreciated. Compared to the technologies it replaced, the thyristor dimmer was smaller, lighter, faster and reliable, more energy-efficient, was not affected by temperature changes, was more suited to remote control ...

Examinnig The Social Work Intervention Practice Social Work Essay Essay Example

Examinnig The Social Work Intervention Practice Social Work Essay Essay Example Examinnig The Social Work Intervention Practice Social Work Essay Essay Examinnig The Social Work Intervention Practice Social Work Essay Essay Evidence suggests that modern-day societal work pattern is faced with the quandary of how to direct its attempts chiefly to the hapless and needy in the UK and at the same clip to prosecute in societal public assistance policy to assist advance societal alteration. Harmonizing to Okitikpi and Aymer s ( 2003 ) societal work professionals working with African refugees are frequently defeated and ill resourced to pull off households who suffer from hard lifestyle experiences due to poverty and societal exclusions. Besides Okitikpi and Aymer ( 2003 ) are of the position that jobs of poorness and working in partnership with African households alleged of kid maltreatment or ill-treatment would be better and easier managed should societal workers engage in unfastened direct intercessions. Bernard A ; Gupta ( 2008 ) highlights the troubles societal workers face when measuring and doing intercessions sing African kids and their households whose civilizations differ from the bulk white popula tion in the UK. Therefore the statement that the mission of societal work is to advance societal alteration and alleviate poorness in society by prosecuting with societal public assistance policy instead than intercessions at household degrees is presently the pivot of strong argument. The term societal work intercession as defined by IFSW: Usually describes work undertaken with persons, households, groups and communities. In this context the term is to cover the usage of societal work cognition and accomplishments when utilizing it within a societal attention administration to ease the proviso of services and pattern consistent with the Codes of Practice and with criterions of service and pattern, and to advance societal inclusion and life chances of people utilizing the services IFSW ( 2000 ) . 4.1 Types of Social Work Intervention Harmonizing to Elde-Woodward ( 2002 ) , there are three cardinal methods or phases of intercession. The first method of intercession, Elde-Woodward describes as macro societal work intercession which involves directing societal work pattern to society or communities as a whole. This type of societal work pattern includes policy forming and protagonism on a national or international graduated table. The 2nd method of intercession is mezzo societal work pattern, which involves working with bureaus, little organisations, and other little groups straight or indirectly related to societal work pattern to do policies or developing plans for a peculiar community. The 3rd method of intercession is the Micro societal work pattern which involves offering direct service to persons and households. Hartnett et Al ( 2005 ) research on the function perceptual experiences of societal workers and societal work pupils shows that merely really few really prosecute in policy-practice that focal point on societal policy preparation and protagonism. There are a broad assortment of activities that falls under the class of societal work pattern and societal work professionals plants in many different scenes of employment. Basically societal workers engage in clinical pattern, find themselves working with persons or households. However, societal workers who serve in community pattern are engage with the mezzo or macro phases of societal work. Spratt et Al ( 2004 ) findings shows that societal work intercession with persons or households is the most popular and effectual method of intercession that conveying approximately societal alteration in single lives. Social work intercession aims to assist kids or households to place, and to set up appropriate relationships with societal workers that will heighten their support. The intent of the intercession is diverse and ranges from increasing life accomplishments or altering behavior to increase life options and to get by with altering life state of affairss and passages ( Smale, Tuson a nd Statham, 2000 ) . 4.2 Identifying and admiting kid maltreatment Many schools of idea argue that societal workers could help households populating in poorness to place issues of kid maltreatment by demoing empathy, set uping working relationships and prosecuting in appropriate intercessions. In any of the state of affairss there are a figure of factors doing African households populating in poorness to be alleged of maltreating or mistreating their kids. Some of these factors are hapless parenting patterns, deficiency of cognition about the Torahs refering in the state of abode and ethno-centric favoritism and racism ( Elder-Woodward, 2002 ) . Child maltreatment instances referred by other bureaus for the attending of local authorization societal services may ensue in intercessions that normally draw kids into kid protection system. Such intercessions do non ever see the fiscal and societal state of affairss such parents find themselves, but used by societal work professionals in mode to follow with authorities statute law and the duty of protecti ng or safeguarding kids. For case, parents populating on meager income barely could prolong the household fiscal committednesss, or such parents may non see the legal deductions of populating kids entirely in the house for work, every bit frequently such kids are seen rolling the streets or go school dropouts due to hapless parental attention and support. Social worker s typical part for households populating in utmost poorness and sing societal exclusion is o employ empathy, communicating and relationship accomplishments to assist place and to admit issues of kid maltreatment ( Spratt et al 2004 ) . Intervention within the societal work procedure is non a inactive, snapshot or a holistic procedure whereby societal workers arrives at unequivocal reply to protect vulnerable kids from farther injury. However, the cardinal interpersonal accomplishments require of societal workers is the key to placing the possible causes of child maltreatment or ill-treatment in a household scene, through the edifice of appropriate relationship with the households and join forcesing with other interested bureaus ( Lloyd and Taylor, 1990 ) . Most frequently than non societal workers take ethnocentric and prejudice attack at the initial contact with African households accused of kid maltreatment and accordingly arrive at a judgemental determination. With the right relationship with African households involve in kid maltreatment instances societal work professionals are positive to understand the demands of such households and what type of intercession is appropriate to assist turn to their jobs. Inter vention accomplishments used by societal workers tantrums most easy into the traditional models in which societal work is normally taught to measure uping pupils, but less easy recognized as intercession by most societal workers one time in pattern. Arguably, the nucleus accomplishments of intercession have non been grasped in its entity rehearsing societal workers and hence are non consciously transferred across state of affairss where is most needful. 4.3 Intervening kid maltreatment Social work involves step ining kids and household s state of affairs and jobs through assessment of what information is available and what information is gathered from the household after ab initio measuring the household s fiscal and societal position, with coaction with other administrations and professionals working with the household. Many writers argue that societal worker should take households alleged of kid maltreatment through the intercession procedure, foregrounding and explicating the importance of working together to hold on the most appropriate intercession needed to convey societal alteration. Furthermore, societal workers use a scope of cognition, theoretical accounts and models to make up ones mind what method of intercession is needed to accomplish the coveted consequence. To guarantee that collated information from all quarters leads to informed intercession, societal workers need to set up working relationships of trust with African households and other professio nals. They must be able to understand the socio-economic position and rearing patterns of African households, through their ain cognition and accomplishment, or by pulling on that of others. Social workers acknowledgment and apprehension of parents behavioral forms, complicated with poorness, apprehension of diverse civilizations and edifice of good working relationships are critical to successful intercessions. There is grounds in the literature to propose that societal workers and other related professionals have trouble furthering good working relationship with black African households alleged of kid maltreatment instances as such households have no trust in the kid protection system. Therefore societal workers need to develop the necessity accomplishments and behaviors to understand the jobs of African households populating under the poorness line, and who may hold small or no cognition of the kid protection system in the UK. In acknowledgment of the troubles inherent in deploying effectual intercessions the Department of Health introduced the Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families ( DH 2000 ) . Macdonald ( 2002 ) notes the booby traps that arise when carry oning appraisals taking to societal work intercession. It is non merely simple to follow a model puting out the countries to be investigated, as societal workers need to exert professional opinion and be a lert to unconscious prejudice which may crawl into the work, falsifying appraisals and the grade of intercessions. 4.4 Social Work Intervention and environmental influences Bernard A ; Gupta ( 2008 ) literature reappraisal on black African kids and kid protection system stress the inauspicious effects of poorness and societal exclusion on rearing capacity and kids s development, which have been identified as a major factor in most households involved in attention proceedings ( Brophy et al, 2003 ) . African households are proportionately more likely to populate in poorness than bulk Whites in Britain as many undertake low-income paid occupations ( Kyambi, 2005 ) , have their rights to back up services withdrawn under subdivision 17 of the 1989 Children Act, ( Kholi, 2006 ) and income, employment chances and entree to back up services are determined by their in-migration and refuge position ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, recognises the demand to protect kids who experience a disadvantaged childhood due to households populating in poorness, and requires authoritiess to guarantee all kids have an equal criterion of life as a basic right. The UN recognizes that want during childhood undermines the cardinal rights which kids, every bit good as grownups, should bask, including entree to identify services such as wellness, instruction and societal services ( Monteith A ; McLaughlin, 2005 ) . Available grounds shows that poorness and societal want during childhood has inauspicious effects on kids developments and bounds their capacity to make full potency and will perpetuate societal inequalities across coevalss within populations. The Labour authorities pledge to cut downing poorness in the state was a measure frontward to accomplish societal alteration among households, but did non explicitly specify the mark groups that are chiefly populating in utmost poorness. The Labour authorities s anti poorness scheme involves policies to increase the incomes of hapless households by bettering child-related benefits and revenue enhancement credits and the debut of a national lower limit pay. The authorities s Certain Start enterprise and the National Childcare Strategy in the UK provide low-cost child care proviso for working parents. Furthermore, the publication of the papers Every Child Matters set outs the authorities attack to the well-being of kids and immature people ( McLaughlin A ; Monteith 2005 ) . The certain start enterprise provides a batch of support to parents fighting to care for their kids, but the limited figure of subdivisions across the state merely seems to help the bulk white households. Bradshaw ( 2001 ) and Stewart A ; Hill ( 2005 ) argue that the authorities s kid poorness decrease schemes may be easier to accomplish in short-run footing but non accomplishing much in long term. The chief functionary working papers for many British kid protection societal workers is the Department of Health ( DoH ) , 1988 papers, Protecting Childs: A Guide for Social Workers set abouting a Comprehensive Appraisal, but has its restrictions when working with black African households ( Chands, 1999 ) . It is arguable to state that taking kids into public attention because their parents are non capable of supplying equal attention may be due to the backdown of all support services in conformity with subdivision 9 of the 2004 Asylum an Immigration Act ( Kelly A ; Meldgaard, 2005 ) . Evidence shows that basic physical attention that households are expected to supply for kids becomes limited by unequal lodging, unemployment, poorness, and societal exclusion peculiarly with black African households populating in poorness. It is argued that any assessment procedure that reflects the unequal proviso of attention as the failure of black people and as index of kid abuse instead than the effects of racial inequality is in itself racialist. Furthermore, as black African households are disadvantaged in many fortunes, it is arguable that they will confront higher degrees of hazard from the harmful effects of inappropriate societal work intercession and misjudgement ( Chands, 1999 ) . 4.5 Social Work Intervention and parental behavior The history of over-representation of black kids in the kid protection system, harmonizing to Chand ( 1999 ) dates back to the sixtiess. Research shows that black kids are speedy to come in into the kid protection system than their white opposite numbers, for grounds such as parenting behavior, civilization and societal and economic jobs. Many research work associating to the differences in child-rearing and poorness in the UK show that black African households are frequently at hazard of being stereotyped as non capable of rearing kids in the most appropriate manner. Therefore, societal workers have a duty to understand issues bordering the experiences of African kids at hazard of important injury, ad non to make the general feeling that all African households are non capable. Harmonizing to Chand ( 1999 ) despite the really noticeability of the diverseness of childhoods, we live and work in a society which tends to presume that there is merely one sort of childhood that is normal and ordinary ( Rogers, 1989, p. 97 ) . The issues of penalty, parental behavior and subject, complicated with poorness are controversial constructs among black African households populating in the UK, which frequently draw them into the sphere of kid protection system. Harmonizing to Bernard A ; Gupta ( 2008 ) , the literature that exists focuses on the African households where their parenting is deemed to be below the threshold of what is considered proper. This disfunction within African households can put on the line reproducing stereotypes of this group as deficient , therefore furthering a pathological point of view of African household relationship. It is widely accepted that black African household relationships with white societal workers working with them, is ever strained with misgiving and non-acceptance. Available research shows that ( Chands, 1999 ) , different child-rearing patterns, as a consequence of socio-economic position permeates different civilizations and societal workers working with households o f different cultural values and beliefs may see trouble in understanding what parental behavior are acceptable and non acceptable. Therefore, to separate whether a peculiar child-rearing pattern is aberrant to social norm, societal workers will ever hold to brood on the cognition acquired from both formal and informal preparation, experiences and their moral opinions, to use the most appropriate intercession procedure applicable to the household. Bernard A ; Gupta ( 2008 ) claims that African household relationships, like those of many minority cultural groups, are frequently constructed otherwise from the conventional atomic household theoretical account that exist in the bulk civilization in modern-day Britain. Cultural values and more significantly poverty influence the lives of many black African kids and their households involved in the kid protection system ( Thorburn et al, 2005 ) . In order for societal workers to set up a good working relationship when working with black A frican households and kids populating in poorness, Chands ( 1999 ) argues that it is paramount for societal workers to hold a sound cognition and apprehension of what is acceptable and unacceptable parental behavior within the cultural background of the households. If non, societal workers may step in in alleged kid maltreatment instances unsuitably. There are a few informations on the impact of poorness and cultural values in act uponing outlooks, motives, functions and attacks to rearing and comprehending what constitutes harmful behaviors ( Barn et al. , 2006 ) . It is problematic to specify in specific footings how kids should be subject from the position points of parents and professionals and what type and grade of penalties are deem appropriate for a misbehaving kid. Barn et Al ( 2006 ) findings show that African households do non penalize their kids any different from the bulk white households and that there is no grounds of utilizing more terrible physical penalty ( Thorburn et al. , 2005 ) . However, research shows that propertyless white households presumptively employ more slap, which is a signifier of physical penalty, in an effort to pull off kids behaviors and bodily penalty is still practise in schools outside the province sector, which are chiefly occupied by middle-class kids. Yet in general, as the huge bulk of African parents use physical penalty as a signifier of subject to pull off their kids behaviors, they are necessarily alleged of mistreating their kids ( Chands, 1999 ) . These are related to their cultural background, their socio-economic position, and their ain personalities ( Phillips A ; Dutt 2000 ) . For illustration, Ellis ( 2006 ) maintained that in African civilization there is small fondling and caressing of babies and any sort of fondling Michigans when the kid is coggling. Black Africans express their fondness and love in a different manner, through good physical attending, such as bathing, skin-care and hair-care ( Chands, 1999 ) . This illustrates the necessity to understand different civilizations in order to guard against misunderstandings of rearing behavior, and to inquire why a black African parent may non be demoing any obvious marks of fondness towards their kid. Furthermore, the unrealistic outlook by white societal workers should be intelligibly measured in the visible radiation of the parents anxiousness about their kids s hereafter sing the poorness degrees of many black African kids populating the United Kingdom ( Beranard A ; Gupta 2006 ) . With respect to duty and independency, many research shows that most white societal workers seem to follow euro-centric attack when working with black African kids and their households ( Chands, 1999 ) . In consequence black African kids are either non protected because they are seen to be able to get by with state of affairss non deemed appropriate for white kids, or where black African kids are non taking on similar duties to their white opposite numbers they are deemed to be at hazard of maltreatment or want ( Chands, 1999 ) . For case, the issue of older siblings caring for younger 1s in the instance with many black African households may be decisive in the workers appraisal of hazard of important injury to the kid. Harmonizing to Chands ( 1999 ) there is the demand to oppugn why this should be when a high degree of both duty and independency by the older sibling can be clearly demonstrated. It must be emphasized hence that although kid maltreatment occurs in all races and civil izations, workers must guard against sing suspected maltreatment through the norms and values of their ain background. A farther point is that black African households involuntariness or opposition to the appraisal and intercession procedure employ by societal workers working on alleged kid maltreatment instances should non be seen as grounds of guilt, as the system may be new to them or a good working relationship is non at that place. Finally, Chands ( 1999 ) explains that in order to do the intercession procedure fairer for all black African households, it is necessary for bulk white workers and establishments to understand that most black African parents may be less cognizant of kid protection processs, may be populating in poorness, and their experience in the UK do them more susceptible to the kid protection system. Some research workers have identified the importance of understanding how poverty complicate different cultural values, which in many instances explains the motive behind parental actions when pull offing unacceptable behaviors of their kids ( Barn et al, 2006 ) and in their resear ch on normative parenting there is no important differences between cultural groups with respect to physical penalty of kids ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . Chapter FIVE IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE There is some grounds in the literature to propose that societal workers and other professionals struggle to pull off the complex demands and societal fortunes of many African households ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Hayes A ; Spratt ( 2008 ) , societal workers are more engage with kid protection work, but non in manner that is readily understood by those who legislate, set policy and step public presentation. Social workers may miss the necessary tools to adequately distinguish boundary line instances from bad instances, twosome with hapless coaction with other professionals, sorting certain parenting patterns as politically and ethically unacceptable and their ain personal cultural values, they turn to route all boundary line kid maltreatment instances through the kid protection processes. It might look self-contradictory that in recent old ages societal workers, who are seen as the force for conformance, are often criticized for moving more in the involvements of society than in the involvements of service users. However, when societal workers relate more with households than merely taking to accomplish authorities s mark, they build good working relationships with those they serve and help emancipate them from subjugation, poorness and societal want. Therefore, societal workers prosecuting more with methods of intercession which liberate kids and their households from poorness, want and societal exclusion are truly working to the rules and moralss of societal work pattern as defined by IFSW in modern-day Britain. Social work professionals about ever draw entirely on sociology and political scientific discipline cognition base, believing that persons can be entirely human merely within the context of a benign environment and a merely societal order. Evidence shows that altering the societal system of African households who suffer subjugation through poorness and societal exclusion by authorising them, non merely means emancipating them from societal unfairness, but besides advancing household self-respect and felicity. Harmonizing to Bernard A ; Gupta ( 2008 ) the poorness and societal fortunes experience by many African households pose challenges for parents and kids, every bit good as societal work professionals working to safeguard and advance kids public assistance. Therefore, it is the demand of the societal workers to see African households poorness and societal fortunes before make up ones minding on what intercession procedure will most assist alter their life. Recent authorities s a ttempts to alter the nonsubjective societal work from possibly overemphasizes on kid protection docket to a more preventive attack in alleged kid maltreatment instances, have non wholly favoured African households populating in poorness who are accuse of being deficient in their child-rearing behaviors. Social workers constantly experience the quandary of taking between directing attempts to child public assistance procedure or kid protection procedure and non see kids endure farther maltreatment under the context of poorness. The broader development of the new theoretical positions based on systems theory will help societal work professionals working with kids and African households to see a more specific position of their functions and to assist develop effectual relationships with African households with the position of understanding their single, emotional every bit good as societal demands. A deficiency of good relationship with African households will adversely impact on societal workers ability to understand their parenting behaviors so as to use the appropriate method of intercession ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . There are four chief grounds for the demand for a new position. 5.1 Policy alterations ensuing in a alteration in method of intercession The policy environment to which societal work pattern relates continues to alter to convey about the necessary societal alteration. Harmonizing to Platt ( 2006 ) persistent demands on societal workers from the authorities and including unequal staff, the bureaucratism and cardinal authorities marks, and policies on refugees and refuge searchers, creates trouble for societal work to offer a broad scope of household support services. Research shows that many African households may profit more when they are routed off from kid protection system towards child public assistance services ( Hayes A ; Spratt, 2008 ) . However, the authorities s response to Lord Laming s Report in Every Child Matters following the decease of Victoria Climbie, has strengthen kid protection and increase the figure of instances routed through kid public assistance processes. Therefore it is of import for societal workers to subject rearing patterns influenced by poorness to thorough examination during assessmen t procedure to assist accomplish better results for African kids. Poverty can make signifiers of disempowerment for kids when it is used to warrant parental behaviors and patterns that violate their right ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . Further to this point, societal workers sometimes face opposition when measuring rearing jobs, and more significantly their opinions about what should be see as important injury, when parents use poorness as a yardstick for their behaviors. Chand ( 1999 ) argue that due to the big figure of instances of kid maltreatment and child protection issues among black African kids and households, societal workers should take the enterprise and be proactive by interceding with the households they serve, informing them about where they draw their boundaries. 5.2 Changes in the cognition and accomplishment base As with any profession there are both new attacks and new apprehensions about the effectivity of specific intercessions. Investing in research and the airing of cognition and accomplishments in wellness remains vast greater than in societal attention. But the strengthening of these resources in societal work and societal attention should ensue in more cognition based pattern and direction in the medium and long term. The instance for recognizing different beginnings of cognition has been made and the multiplicity of information collected in assorted sections need to include that produced through the experience and expertness of people utilizing the services and front line workers every bit good as from research. Harmonizing to Chand ( 1999 ) developing either officially or informally, is of import for societal workers working with black African households with child-rearing issues since it can raise the issue of how black African households meet their kids needs otherwise. The prepar ation should be integrated into the societal work developing course of studies in higher instruction and this would broaden the apprehension of pupils which may chase away some of the myths around black African households and their child-rearing patterns and relieve the potency of pathologizing them in kid attention patterns ( Chand, 1999 ) . 5.3 Technological and structural alterations Recent technological alterations, designation of spreads in cognition and skills new countries of working are emerging which is ensuing in the proviso of services falling behind service demands. For case planetary motions have necessitated the demand for societal workers to work with African kids and households migrating to the UK with bing hapless backgrounds, to work with asylum searchers or refugees get awaying from ain states in political convulsion or at war ( Newburn, 1993 ) . New engineerings and the turning acquaintance of the populace in utilizing societal public assistance services opens up new signifiers of intercessions peculiarly to help African households populating poorness in the UK. In countries where there is rapid development or new issues with societal work pattern there is the necessity in progress of theory. Schemes in these fortunes may include reassigning bing cognition and accomplishments to the new country, pulling on any international experience and expertn ess, networking to portion and larn from experience and research on demands and effectual responses. Initially these may necessitate to be done individually to construction a different position before it is possible to convey experience and larning together in new ways. 5.4 Multi organisational or Partnership Intervention For intercession to run into the needed mark, it all depends on proper initial appraisal, but many of the appraisal tools that are employ such as DoH ( 2000 ) Model for the Assessment of kids in demand and their households may disfavor black African households due to the Eurocentric attack of societal workers. Research shows that partnership is needed to encompass both good working relationships and appropriate intercession procedure ( Chand, 1999 ) . Against this background, kids in demand may be given preventive supports and will forestall vulnerable kids from maltreatment or ill-treatment. Therefore greater attending should be given to back up professional societal work pattern, and safeguarding the value base, the relationship and the procedure of good pattern, expertness of societal workers and related professions. 5.5 Deductions and issues for considerations Recent surveies on African households and the kid protection system show that these households are disproportionately represented at different degrees in the kid attention system. The bing intercession tools for societal work pattern are grounded within ethnocentric epistemologies and, as the foundation for societal work theory and pattern, are non good equipped for the undertaking of fostering and developing African households and their kids. This is apparent, for illustration, in the sustained over-representation of black kids in the attention system and in the deficiency of supportive societal work services designed to run into their demands. It is hence of import for the development of new theoretical positions based on systems theory to assist societal workers who work with African kids and households. This will enable societal workers to take a broader position of their function and to develop a graphic perceptual experience of rearing behaviors and patterns of these households which are complicated with poorness so that a more appropriate method of intercession are employed in their opinion. The utmost poorness experience by many African households pose challenges for societal workers working to safeguard and advance kids s public assistance ( Bernard and Gupta, 2008 ) . The Model for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families ( Department of Health, 2000 ) based on the ecological attack places a demand on societal workers to besides see the low income position of parents when step ining instances of kid maltreatment. These attacks provide an indispensable model for work with African kids and households, both in footings of the context of their lives and the procedure of the work being undertaken. In order to safeguard and advance the public assistance of West African kids, a starting point must be an recognition of beginnings of ill-treatment of kids in the context of poorness ( Bernard and Gupta, 2006 ) . The thesis highlights the importance of societal workers sing the poorness state of affairss of many African households who have immigrated to the United Kingdom, peculiarly those who have late arrived into the state. Most of the African households may be asylum searchers or refugees with insecure societal position and may hold really limited apprehension of the kid protection or public assistance province system in the UK ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . Therefore merely through developing effectual relationships with African kids and their households can societal workers begin to understand their single quandaries every bit good as their socio-economic demands. A deficiency of an effectual agencies of communicating will doubtless impact on societal workers ability to deploy competent intercessions within African kids and households. In footings of societal work intercession procedure, several writers have critically analysed the grounds on service proviso for black African households in general, in an effort to understand the kineticss of working with economically deprived cultural minority ( Dutt and Phillips, 2000 ; ONeale, 2000 ) . The pathologizing attack adopted by bulk societal workers towards African households may take to unnecessarily coercive intercession but, an income relativist attack may take to no intercession subjecting vulnerable kids to farther injury ( Chand, 1999 and ONeale, 2000 ) . The acceptance of a shortage position can skew societal work intercessions into rearing behavior and patterns when measuring African households and kids populating in utmost poorness who are enduring to supply equal child-care. However, it is of import to observe that utilizing poorness as one factor to understand and warrant parenting behaviors and patterns, is non merely plenty to explicate why some African households will pattern certain behaviors, whilst others will non ( Dutt and Phillips, 2000 ; Fontes, 2005 ) . However, holding socio-economic frames of mentions to pull on can assist rear go more resilient to economic hardship and this can supply a positive environment for advancing kids s emotional and societal development. Yet, poorness can besides make signifiers of disempowerment for kids when it is used to warrant parental behaviors and patterns that violate their human rights. Social workers, working with African households, may meet some opposition to their methods of intercession of rearing jobs and, in peculiar, their judgements about what constitute important injury, when parents use poorness as an account for their parenting behavior ( Shor, 2000 ) . Importantly, subjecting household income position to scrutiny is a necessary tool of the appraisal procedure if societal workers are to step in efficaciously so as to accomplish better results for African kids. In many senses, a balance should be struck between sensitively disputing claims that certain types of behaviors are considere d as socially acceptable in African civilization because they are hapless whilst at the same clip non losing sight of the proviso of preventive support to households that need it. An added bed of complication is the demand to safeguard kids s public assistance by disputing poverty-related patterns that are harmful to kids without needfully pathologizing all their parents care-giving patterns ( Platt, 2006 ) . Built-in in kid protection work is the balance between protecting kids at hazard of important injury, whilst at the same clip guaranting minimum unneeded intercession into the lives of kids and households. Although there are about 6,000 African kids in private Foster places in this state, and they likely represent a bulk of all in private fostered kids in the UK ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2006 ) . Social workers must non merely be skilled in judging what methods of intercessions to use within the scope of their ain competency, but they must be able to judge the fortunes under which these methods are either insufficient or irrelevant to the aims they wish to accomplish. This is peculiarly true in fortunes where resources are unequal and the Government want to cut down the figure of kids traveling into attention. It becomes evident therefore that societal workers have to be concerned with the entire web of societal proviso, and should lend to policy preparation. Specht ( 2002 ) argues that the call for societal workers to get into the political sphere nevertheless, temporarily animating is likely to go forth many experiencing unequal. Specht ( 2002 ) besides pointed out that policy preparation is a procedure that entails many different undertakings and functions, and that all professionals can larn to lend to the procedure in whatever is the most appropriate manner for them. Th e mode in which Specht ( 2002 ) classifies societal work functions and specific undertakings, based as it is on the American experience in 1967, may non exactly fit into the current state of affairs in the UK. Nevertheless, the point that all societal workers, no affair what places they occupy or what methods of societal work intercession they employ, can and should play a portion in policy preparation still holds good.

2 Easy Tips to Remember Reoccurring vs Recurring

2 Easy Tips to Remember Reoccurring vs Recurring SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You’ve likely seen the word "recurring," but what about "reoccurring"? Is this word just a synonym for the former, or does it mean something different? In actuality, there's a lot to learn when it comes to reoccurring vs recurring. Read on to get more information about the similarities and differences between these two words, what they each look like when used in writing, and how you can know when and how to use them. Reoccurring vs Recurring: What's the Difference? The words "reoccurring" and "recurring" might look very similar, but they’re not exactly identical in meaning to each other- at least, not always. Let's start by looking at the "recurring" definition. "Recurring," which you’ve likely seen more often, is an adjective and verb that refers to something that happens again, usually repeatedly or at regular intervals. Its basic verb form is "recur." For example, you could describe a theme that comes up many times in a story as a recurring theme. Or you could call a dream you have again and again a recurring dream. Meanwhile, the adjective and verb "reoccurring" refers to something that happens again- but not necessarily repeatedly or periodically. This word originally comes from the verb "reoccur," which is simply the verb "occur" with the prefix "re" (meaning "again") attached to it. For instance, people might fear that a natural disaster will reoccur in their area (in other words, they fear it will happen again after having happened at least once). To sum up, although both "recurring" and "reoccurring" have similar definitions in that they each describe something happening again, "recurring" typically points to something that happens repeatedly or regularly, whereas "reoccurring" does NOT have any such implication. Now, let’s check that you understand these nuanced differences with reoccurring vs recurring by looking at an example: A recurring problem vs A reoccurring problem The first phrase, "a recurring problem," means that the problem has likely happened multiple times already and continues to happen or seems likely to continue happening. The second phrase, "a reoccurring problem," suggests that the problem likely happened at least once and is now happening again- but without any hint that it will continue to happen or is happening on a regular basis. Now that you've got a better grasp of reoccurring vs recurring, let's look at the history of the two words (that is, their etymology). A Brief History of Recurring vs Reoccurring As it turns out, the histories behind the words "reoccurring" and "recurring" are pretty similar. Both "recur" and "reoccur" come from the Latin word currere, which means "to run." As a result, both words mean "to run again," with "run" acting as a synonym for "happen." "Recur" is the older of the two, originating in the early 16th century, while "reoccur" came about in the 18th century. Because the word "recurring" is older and far more common than "reoccurring," there has been debate about whether "reoccurring" (and "reoccur") is an actual word. Though several older dictionaries don't have an entry for "reoccur" specifically, many recent editions do (or, at the very least, list it as a variation of "occur" under the prefix "re"). Here is an overview of the different forms for reoccurring vs recurring: Root Word/Verb Adjective Noun Verb + ing recur recurring recurrence recurring reoccur (prefix re + occur) reoccurring reoccurrence reoccurring Birthdays (and therefore birthday cakes!) recur each year. Real Examples of Recurring and Reoccurring Even though "recurring" is a more common word than "reoccurring," both words appear often in real-life newspapers and online news sources. Here, we give you several examples to show you the different uses of "reoccurring" and "recurring." Note that, in some cases, the words "recurring" and "reoccurring" are used as adjectives while in other cases are used as verbs. You’ll know a word is an adjective if it’s being used before a noun. I’ve also included a couple of examples that use the noun forms of both words ("recurrence" and "reoccurrence"). All bold emphasis in the following quotations is my own. "A new book claims understanding the meaning of these recurring dreams will transform your life." (Daily Mail) "Identify ways to keep it from reoccurring in the future, and clearly communicate the message to your entire team." (Huffington Post) "However, normal grief will always have moments of reoccurring sharpness, pain as raw as the very first day." (Huffington Post) "A reoccurring back injury limited his playing time in 2003 and 2005." (New York Times) "For instance, along with investing spare change from purchases, Acorns encourages customers to make a recurring investment of as little as $5 a month." (Los Angeles Times) "For many women who thought they had beaten breast cancer, the news that it has roared back years later comes as an especially cruel diagnosis with no clear answers for why or how it recurs." (Science Daily) "The 'Great Flood' of 1861 to 1862 is becoming more likely to reoccur as the climate warms, a new study finds." (Mashable) "Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez has confirmed that he has suffered a recurrence of the cancer he was treated for last year." (BBC) "Regulators are expected to put in place in the coming days new rules aimed at preventing a reoccurrence of last month's stunning stock market 'flash crash.'" (Seattle Times) Reoccurring or Recurring? 2 Tips for Using Both Words To wrap up, we give you two tips to help you know when and how to use both "recurring" and "reoccurring." #1: Memorize Set Phrases It can be helpful to familiarize yourself with common phrases out there that use either "recurring" or "reoccurring" (though the former is far more likely). Here are some set phrases with the word "recurring" that will likely come up often in everyday situations: Recurring dream Recurring theme Recurring character Recurring illness Recurring decimal Recurring payment Although there aren’t nearly as many set phrases with the word "reoccurring," I have noticed that many news sources use the phrase "prevent the reoccurrence of ~." The phrase seems to be used most often when referring to a one-off incident, problem, or catastrophe that has the risk of happening again. Nobody wants a stock market crash to reoccur! #2: When in Doubt, Use Recurring If you’re really not sure whether you should use "recurring" or "reoccurring," it’s always better to go with "recurring." Not only is this particular word more commonly used, but it also has a much broader meaning than "reoccurring" does. Remember that "reoccurring" refers only to something that happens again, while "recurring" can refer to something that happens again, possibly repeatedly or at regular intervals. Because "recurring" has a more diverse definition, it’ll always be the safer bet! What’s Next? You've likely heard of metaphors, but how do they differ from similes? Check out our detailed metaphor vs simile guideto learn just how different these two literary devices really are. What exactly is an oxymoron? See real examples of oxymorons from literature and learn how to use them in your own writing. Prepping for the SAT? Then you'll definitely want to look at our comprehensive list of the 262 SAT vocab words you must know. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Hannah Muniz About the Author Hannah received her MA in Japanese Studies from the University of Michigan and holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Southern California. From 2013 to 2015, she taught English in Japan via the JET Program. She is passionate about education, writing, and travel. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Training for older worker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Training for older worker - Essay Example Reed et. al. (2005) begin with explaining the importance of older workers which is expected to increase as time goes by and note that calling older workers slow or inflexible is a stereotype. However, older workers may face issues of self-efficacy and believe themselves to be unable to perform certain technology related tasks simple because they are old. Thus, their age related confidence levels may be more responsible for create barriers to their training rather than any direct impact which they age or their advanced years have on their performance. The researchers hypothesize that age is negatively related to computer skill acquisition and that age is negatively related to computer self-efficacy (CSE). The third hypothesis given by the researchers is that CSE will mediate the influence of age on the acquisition of computer skills. To test their hypotheses, the researchers used 109 volunteers from a Midwestern community. These subjects were predominantly female and the median age of the group was 51 years old. The subjects took a survey to report on their computer skills, their attitude towards technology and their ability to handle change. The self reported results were compared to their monitored and measured performance on completing a set of tasks with spreadsheet and word processing software. The results showed that CSE effectively mediate the relationship between age and both the objective and subjective measures of the acquisition of computer skills.

The Adoption of Integration of Information and Communication Essay

The Adoption of Integration of Information and Communication Technologies by Sainsburys - Essay Example Notably, the various reasons for executing the ICT by the business organisations include diminishing the transaction costs and ultimately raise the productivity and delivers instant connectivity which thereby improves the accuracy and transparency of the business organisations. Furthermore, the other valuable reasons also include enlarging the geographical scope of the potential markets for the business organisations, adequately accessing different products and commodities and ultimately raising the profitability of the business organisations (Picot & et. al., 2008). In this paper, the business organisation, i.e. Sainsbury’s, has been taken into concern. The main objective of this paper is to discuss regarding the self-service checkout which has been implemented by Sainsbury’s. The main reason behind this phenomenon has been related to attaining competitive advantage and it might also have been the case that they must have evaluated the previous processes and re-created it in order to attain success for the organisation. In addition, adequate execution of ICT that enhances the shopping process of Sainsbury’s and few concluding lines will also be portrayed in the discussion. The Chosen Organisation Sainsbury’s is regarded as one of the oldest retailers which was founded in London as its home city, in the year 1869. It is recognised as the third largest chain of supermarket prevailing in United Kingdom. Currently, it acquires a considerable market share of 16.5% in the global retail market. The company delivers broad variety of quality food commodities. In this regard, the vision of Sainsbury is to promote healthy consumptions along with... This essay stresses that the practical application of ICT has been apparently increasing in the current day phenomenon. It has also been recognised that most of the business organisations execute different types of technological equipments ensuring that those might raise as well as enhance the competitive position of the company in the long term. Similarly, in this context, Sainsbury’s which is one of the oldest and foremost retailing companies prevailing in the UK tends to execute ICTs such as self-serviced counters while operating the business functions. This paper makes a conclusion that the adequate implementation of the above discussed ICTs eventually raised the competitive advantage along with greater improvement in the business process of Sainsbury’s. Moreover, an innovative conception in relation to ICT has been prescribed for Sainsbury’s that would considerably enhance its business processes along with attaining competitive benefit over its competitors. Thus, it can be stated that Sainsbury’s can attain superior position in this competitive world along with sustaining its productivity through the execution of different types of ICT equipments to a significant extent. The company i.e. Sainsbury’s might enhance its working efficiencies through the application of improved self-service checkouts involving innovative technological equipments that ultimately would accelerate the efficiencies of the business procedural functions by a considerable level.

International business strategy of Nokia Corporation Dissertation

International business strategy of Nokia Corporation - Dissertation Example The study adopted the strategy typology and strategy orientation framework developed by Isoherranen & Kess (2011), where the organisation is categorised as Defender, Protector, Analyser, or Reactor, according to its particular strategic characteristics. A sample of 100 respondents was asked to accomplish the survey questionnaire based on the Isoherranen-Kess framework. The sample was comprised of 50 managers, suppliers or consultants working in or with Nokia in China, and another group of 50 similar participants working in or with Nokia in the UK. The dissertation found that based on the answers of the respondents compared against each other, a different strategic approach was employed in each of the subsidiary operations. The diverse business environments in different localities demanded flexibility and adaptability from international businesses. The parent organisation or central headquarters must factor into its strategic management the ability of overseas units to respond with it s own level of strategic prerogatives to the demands of the host environment. Table of Contents Abstract 2 Table of Contents 3 Chapter 1: Introduction 6 1.1Chapter overview 6 1.2Background of the study 6 1.3Theoretical framework 7 1.4Statement of research aim and objectives 8 1.5Statement of research question and sub-questions 8 1.6Significance of the study 9 1.7Assumptions of the study 9 1.8 Scope and delimitation of the study 10 1.9 Chapter summary 11 Chapter 2: Literature Review 12 2.1 Chapter Overview 12 2.2 International Business Strategy 13 2.3Historical information about Nokia 16 2.4 Nokia’s global strategy 19 2.4.1 Nokia organization 20 2.4.2 Nokia’s market trends 21 2.4.3Comprehensive View of Nokia’s strategy 22 2.5 Nokia’s China strategy 24 2.5.1 The strategic importance of China to Nokia 24 2.5.2 Brand performance 25 2.5.3 Product and service design 26 2.5.4 Advertising 27 2.5.5 Research and Development 27 2.6 Synthesis and critical insight 29 Chapter 3: Methodology 34 3.1Chapter overview 34 3.2 Research philosophy and strategy 34 3.3Description of research model and variables used in the study 36 3.3.1 Market orientation in strategy 37 3.3.2Product orientation in strategy 38 3.3.4Strategy orientation characteristics 40 3.3.5Strategy typology characteristics 41 3.3.6 Strategy Analysis Framework 41 3.4 Procedural model used in the study 43 3.4Data collection method 44 3.6 Sampling method 45 3.7 Data gathering and analysis 46 3.8 Reliability and validity of the data 47 3.9 Limitation of the methodology 49 3.10 Ethical considerations in the conduct of the research 51 3.11 Chapter summary 52 Chapter 4: Data and Findings 54 4.1 Chapter overview 54 4.2 Respondent profile 54 4.3 Strategy Orientation Characteristics 59 4.3.1 Strategy focus 59 4.3.2 Value Creation 60 4.3.3 Operational driver 61 4.3.4 Culture 61 4.4 Strategy Typology Characteristics 62 4.4.1 Product –Market Domain 62 4.4.2 Operational Driver 64 4.4.3 Organiz ation 65 4.5 Summary 66 Chapter 5: Discussion and Conclusion 69 5.1 Chapter overview 69 5.2 Discussion 69 5.3 Conclusion 72 Bibliography 73 Appendices 77 Chapter 1: Introd

Business Administration class Strategy Formulation Essay

Business Administration class Strategy Formulation - Essay Example This is because in each stage, certain vital activities are done. In Strategy formulation, certain features of the organization are presented. The features are analyzed both internally and externally. These features include the vision, mission statement, objectives, and tactical objectives of the organization. The process starts by first looking at the mission and objectives which describe the companys business goals as well as measurable financial and strategic objectives. Secondly, an environmental scan is done. This includes an internal analysis of the firm as a whole, and its industry (task environment). An external analysis, also known as the PEST analysis follows (â€Å"Pest Analysis†, 2010). In strategy formulation, the information acquired from the environmental scan is used to match the firm’s strengths to its opportunities while addressing its weaknesses and external threats. In strategy implementation, programs, budgets, and procedures are used as means of implementation and this makes it important for success to be guaranteed. In the final stage which is evaluation and control, parameters to be measured are defined. The next step involves defining targets for the measured parameters, performing the measurements, and finally, comparing the measured results to pre-defined standards and make necessary changes. This second stage of strategic management supports the mission and objectives of the organization by creating sustainable competitive advantages. The stage is organized into six sections. Some of these sections are; Corporate-Level Strategy, Competitive Strategy, Functional Strategy, Choosing Strategies, and Troublesome Strategies (Rex, n.d.). Each of these sections has got its own methods of formulation. The level of Corporate-level Strategy is concerned with the direction of the company. It provides a channel for the organization to make some changes and improve their growth objectives and achievement. In the second level, Competitive

Terms 'necessity' and 'duress of circumstances' Case Study

Terms 'necessity' and 'duress of circumstances' - Case Study Example "It includes the definition of specific offenses and general principles of liability." Black's Law Dictionary, 5th Ed. Apart from other actions that lead to harm to the community, and for which civil responsibility can be fixed, "criminal law is the primary instrumentality for preventing people from intentionally or recklessly destroying life and property" Simester, A P. and Sullivan, G. R. Criminal Law: Theory and Doctrine (2004) 2nd edition, (revised 2004) Hart Publishing. Criminal liability can be ascertained from two basic constituents of an action: "actus reus (actually doing an act of a criminal nature), and mens rea (the intention to carry out a criminal act)." Ashworth, A. (2003). In some criminal actions, the rule of strict liability is applied even if one of above is missing like in cases murder, assault damage to the property etc. However, common law principles provide for a defence to the accused. "The defendant is now seen as possessing a moral right to defend his autonomy, which is rendered superior to the assailant's rights by assailant's aggression." Ashworth, A (2003). Necessity and duress of circumstances are both defences based on excuse or justification. The main characteristic in the defence of justification available to the accused the main factor is that the act can be tolerated by society. According to Fletcher, this utilitarian attitude towards the non-punishment of harm-causers is supplemented by the intuitions of justice and retribution, to give an accurate account of the theory of justification. Ibid at pg. 285. Simon-Brown J elaborated upon English law on the "necessity" defence. He opined that English Law does in extreme circumstances, recognize a defence of necessity. It can arise from objective dangers threatening the accused or others in which case it is conveniently called "duress of circumstances". Secondly, the defence is available only if, from an objective standpoint, the accused can be said to be acting reasonably and proportionately in order to avoid a threat of death or serious injury. Thirdly, assuming the defence to be open to the accused on his account of the facts, the issue should be left to the jury, who should be directed to determine these two questions: (1) Was the accused, or may he have been, impelled to act as he did because as a result of what he reasonably believed to be the situation he had good cause to fear that otherwise death or serious injury would result' (2) If so, may a sober person of reasonable firmness, sharing the characteristics of the accused, have responded to that situation by acting as the accused acted' If the answer to both these questions is yes, then the jury could acquit, and a defence of necessity would have been established. Duress of circumstances cannot excuse the commission of an offence after the time when the threat has

Is wind power green Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Is wind power green - Essay Example Wind power, though helpful in promoting alternative resource could not sustain the growing need of electricity; the claim about how it reduces the amount of carbon dioxide emissions holds a lot of questionable areas, while its more subtle effects on animals is as fatal as the blatant ones. Wind Power The wind’s molecular structure and versatility in movement are the main reasons why it is a good agent of producing electricity by means of wind turbines. The blades of the turbines are â€Å"designed to capture kinetic energy in the wind† (Layton, n.d.). The heat of the sun combined with the irregularities of the Earth’s surface, are the main factors of wind formation; thus leading us to the idea that wind power is basically an offshoot of solar energy. The origin of using the wind as an energy resource dates back hundreds of years ago when civilizations prosper and began to develop agriculture. According to Redlinger, Andersen, Morthorst, and the United Nations Env ironment Programme (2002), the origins of wind power may be traced back in ancient Asia particularly in some parts of North Asia and the Middle East. In the eve of European navigation, windmills were spread across the European continent particularly in the Netherlands and Denmark, where windmills were used primarily for irrigation. What convinces environmental advocates that wind power is the safest form of renewable energy is the fact that it does not reproduce radioactive chemicals like what nuclear energy does. Truly, wind energy is tried and tested through time. However, the needs of the society nowadays are a far cry from what it is before. If power was only needed to process wheat and other agricultural products, then the amount of power the wind produces would be enough, but looking into the modern context where steel and massive electricity needed to light the country’s households, power generated by the wind would only mean a speck of dust. A Lighter Side of the Issu e Harnessing energy from the natural wind may be the biggest advantage of wind power if compared to fossil fuels or nuclear energy. According to the Energy Resource Center of Wisconsin (n.d.), power plants generally produce toxic by-products such as mercury and lead, which are both lethal to the environment and human and animal health. The use of wind power would likely to reduce the production of these chemicals in such a way that it would prevent contamination of clean natural resources. In addition, an edge that wind power may have among other forms of energy source is the longevity of the system. The wind power equipments have accessible materials for its maintenance and would less likely to require expensive machineries for its sustenance (Cane, 2010). Nowadays, information about the wind power offers a bright future for the environment; however several environmental advocates disagree with this statement. The Other Side In his book Power Hungry: The Myths of "Green" Energy and the Real Fuels of the Future, Bryce (2010) regarded the energy by the wind power, a myth; more-so with its efficiency as electricity provider. In the case of Denmark’s wind power resources, the wind turbines needed a considerable amount of electric generation capacity (Bryce 2010). Basing on the Denmark’

Terms 'necessity' and 'duress of circumstances' Case Study

Terms 'necessity' and 'duress of circumstances' - Case Study Example "It includes the definition of specific offenses and general principles of liability." Black's Law Dictionary, 5th Ed. Apart from other actions that lead to harm to the community, and for which civil responsibility can be fixed, "criminal law is the primary instrumentality for preventing people from intentionally or recklessly destroying life and property" Simester, A P. and Sullivan, G. R. Criminal Law: Theory and Doctrine (2004) 2nd edition, (revised 2004) Hart Publishing. Criminal liability can be ascertained from two basic constituents of an action: "actus reus (actually doing an act of a criminal nature), and mens rea (the intention to carry out a criminal act)." Ashworth, A. (2003). In some criminal actions, the rule of strict liability is applied even if one of above is missing like in cases murder, assault damage to the property etc. However, common law principles provide for a defence to the accused. "The defendant is now seen as possessing a moral right to defend his autonomy, which is rendered superior to the assailant's rights by assailant's aggression." Ashworth, A (2003). Necessity and duress of circumstances are both defences based on excuse or justification. The main characteristic in the defence of justification available to the accused the main factor is that the act can be tolerated by society. According to Fletcher, this utilitarian attitude towards the non-punishment of harm-causers is supplemented by the intuitions of justice and retribution, to give an accurate account of the theory of justification. Ibid at pg. 285. Simon-Brown J elaborated upon English law on the "necessity" defence. He opined that English Law does in extreme circumstances, recognize a defence of necessity. It can arise from objective dangers threatening the accused or others in which case it is conveniently called "duress of circumstances". Secondly, the defence is available only if, from an objective standpoint, the accused can be said to be acting reasonably and proportionately in order to avoid a threat of death or serious injury. Thirdly, assuming the defence to be open to the accused on his account of the facts, the issue should be left to the jury, who should be directed to determine these two questions: (1) Was the accused, or may he have been, impelled to act as he did because as a result of what he reasonably believed to be the situation he had good cause to fear that otherwise death or serious injury would result' (2) If so, may a sober person of reasonable firmness, sharing the characteristics of the accused, have responded to that situation by acting as the accused acted' If the answer to both these questions is yes, then the jury could acquit, and a defence of necessity would have been established. Duress of circumstances cannot excuse the commission of an offence after the time when the threat has

The Legalization Of Marijuana For Medicinal Purposes Essay

The Legalization Of Marijuana For Medicinal Purposes - Essay Example In this context, medicinal cannabis is an example of alternative healing these ailments. Although setback by the illegal constraints, it is increasingly becoming a considered healing method. Through the hallucinogenic and soothing qualities, it lowers the level of pain for a short time. This means that an individual needs the medicine in large quantities. This article states that marijuana contains medicinal value through chemicals found in buds, leaves, and resin of the plant. The cannabis plant provides significance in pulp and fiber from the stalk including high nutrition seed oil. In 1973, Mikuriya traced the medicinal value of the herb plant. During the 19th century, William B. O'Shaughnessy deduced that it was effective and safe for the use of the drug in treating some maladies. In 1860, studies by the Ohio State Medical Society came up with similar conclusions. Information on this website depicts measures taken against therapeutic users of the hemp plant. In contrast, the site explains the advantages provided by the plant in the treatment of ailments that threaten the health and lives of human beings. In arthritis, cannabis contains anti-inflammatory qualities that aid in treating the disease. Cannabis also contains cannabidiol and cannabinoid elements according to researchers in the National Institute for Mental Health, in 1998. These elements help in the prevention of stroke and head traumas. In reference to the article, the goal of the legalization of cannabis is to make communities safer by regulating the drug and removing it from underground markets. This means that the value of the marijuana is evident and significant in solving heath some health issues. Tatiana demonstrates the use of cannabis sativa in the treatment of diseases such as epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, glaucoma and eating disorders.

The different stories Essay Example for Free

The different stories Essay The protagonists from the different stories all seem to have their changes or their epiphanies occur quite quickly. These changes are not brought about by lengthy self-reflection or deep pondering, instead, they occur, seemingly, in a flash, as a series of events seem to suddenly open their eyes. For example, Robert, from â€Å"Cathedral†, goes through a long narration of explaining the hows and the whys of the main event in the story (the visit of his wife’s blind friend) before, finally, expressing his realization in just nine words at the very end of the story. To be more specific with regard to Robert’s case, we see how, in much of the story, he talks not so much about himself as a person – a husband, a friend, etc – but as merely someone who is annoyed by an unwanted visitor. Robert talks much of his wife (with not a lot of affection, take note) and her friend, but he does not talk about himself, only reiterating again and again his annoyance and discomfort. This method of writing distances the readers from Robert and makes him an unsympathetic character who readers may not appreciate. This technique actually strengthens his epiphany, and, in a way, makes it an epiphany of the readers as well. When Robert said â€Å"I didn’t feel like I was inside anything† (Carver), the reader, along with Robert, also realize that though Robert is the one telling the story, he seems not to be in the story as an important character himself. Robert was in his house, yes, but he was not â€Å"in† a relationship with his wife as seen by their strangely cold exchanges (for example the dialogue about Beulah); he was not â€Å"in† any friendly relationships [â€Å"You don’t have any friends,† she said. â€Å"Period. † ( (Carver)]; and he had no connection with the blind man either. In â€Å"Good Country People†, the change in Hulga is abrupt as well. The cold, rude, disconnected and â€Å"intellectual† big blonde moves from self-confidence and self-possession into fear, anger, and panic as soon as she loses that which â€Å"she was as sensitive about (†¦) as a peacock about his tail† (OConnor, Good Country People). Earlier in the story, Hulga is portrayed as a woman who is cold and out-of-touch with the world she lives in because she thinks that her education has separated and made her better than those in her vicinity. She paints herself as someone who cannot be touched by any emotions because, in Hulga’s own words: â€Å"I don’t have illusions. I’m one of those people who see through to nothing† (OConnor, Good Country People). And yet when she loses her artificial leg, suddenly, Hulga is no longer confident or fierce or composed; she is dependent and weak and afraid (â€Å"Her voice when she spoke had an almost pleading sound† (OConnor, Good Country People)). We see with Hulga how all her confidence and brusqueness was stored in that artificial leg and, therefore, with its sudden loss came her sudden change. Lastly, in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find†, the grandmother is the one whom we see changed. Indeed her change from being a rather selfish old lady (as in sneaking the Pitty Sing into the car and deciding not to own up to her realization of her mistake), is given a 360-degree turn in the face of her own mortality. Even her interaction with The Misfit shows her change. In their first encounter she tries to flatter him , in order to save her life; she says to him â€Å"I know youre a good man. You dont look a bit like you have common blood. I know you must come from nice people! (OConnor, A Good Man is Hard to Find). However, at the mention of talk and prayer, the grandmother suddenly becomes aware of something beyond her picture of him as just a killer and she tells him â€Å"Why youre one of my babies. Youre one of my own children! (OConnor, A Good Man is Hard to Find). This part allows us to see how the grandmother has gone beyond her own self and has acknowledged the humanity of The Misfit, even though he is the eventual death of her. Works Cited Carver, Raymond. Cathedral. 30 July 2009 http://www. ndsu. nodak. edu/instruct/cinichol/GovSchool/Cathedral2. htm. OConnor, Flannery. A Good Man is Hard to Find. 30 July 2009 http://www. turksheadreview. com/library/texts/oconnor-goodmanhard. html. OConnor, Flannery. Good Country People. 30 July 2009