Sexist Attitude in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay -- Heart Da

Sexist Attitude in Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness This paper will discuss the way Conrad's novel Heart of Darkness relies, both thematically and formally, on values that could be called sexist. By "sexism" I mean the those cultural assumptions that make women be regarded, unjustly, as in different ways inferior to men: socially, intellectually and morally. Since Heart of Darkness has often been regarded as one of the best and profoundest discussions of morality in English literature, this issue is very important. One of the most interesting aspects of the book is how the narrative itself is thought of as unsuitable for women. The narration takes place on a small sailing boat, waiting for the ebb of the Thames to bring it out to the sea, and the listeners to Marlowe's story, of whom the primary narrator is one, are all men. They are, moreover, all comrades, and can be assumed to share certain fundamental values. Some of these values, a blind patriotism for example, are questioned by Marlowe's narrative, while others, such as the contemporary attitude towards women are only confirmed and reinforced. There are not only very few female participants in the story. The secondary, although most important narrator Marlowe, at several points defines the story as itself ill-suited for feminine ears: Girl! What? Did I mention a girl? Oh, she is out of it - completely. They - the women I mean - are out of it - should be out of it. We must help them to stay in that beautiful world of their own least our gets worse. Oh, she had to be out of it. You should have heard the disinterred body of Mr. Kurtz saying, 'My Intended.' You would have perceived directly then how completely she was out of it. (Conrad 75) Here, Marlow fores... ...n of action either to become passive, or to deviate from their righteous ways. By analogy, the voyages of Kurtz and Marlowe, and the enterprise of discovery of colonization themselves, can be seen as essentially masculine acts. Such acts, always perpetrated, it seems, by white men, simply befall, happen to, passive peoples or cultures. As a result, these peoples are turned into the mere receivers of the actions - military, educational, sexual - of others, and are thus, to an extent, "feminized". In this way, the racist discourses of Conrad's times can be understood as connected to the assumptions by which women were, and still are, subjected to social and cultural oppression. Works Cited: Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. New York: Norton, 1988. Achebe, Chinua. "An Image of Africa". In Hopes and Impediments: Selected Essays. New York: Doubleday, 1988.

Sef Gonzales Report

The law is both effective and ineffective throughout the entire criminal process in achieving justice in the murder case involving Sef Gonzales. The case â€Å"Regina vs Gonzales (2004) NSW SC 822† involved the triple murders of Gonzales’s mother, father and only sister The meaning of justice is that everyone is treated equally and fairly under the law. The law was effective in this case because justice was achieved, for the accused, for the victims and for society.Former Sydney student Sef Gonzales has been sentenced to life imprisonment for the triple murder of his parents, solicitor Ted Gonzales, Mary Loiva Gonzales and then 18-year old sister Clodine in their North Ryde home in Sydney’s north-west on July 10, 2001. Clodine Gonzales was the prisoner’s sister and his only sibling. She had had her eighteenth birthday on 9 July 2001, the day before the murders. Mary Loiva Josephine Gonzales was the prisoner’s mother and Teddy Gonzales was the prison er’s father.In order for a crime to occur, both elements of the crime, Actus Reus and mens rea must be present. Actus Reus and mens rea are legal terms used to define a crime. Both elements must be present for an accused to be found guilty of a crime (except for strict liability). Mens rea means that the person must have had a guilty mind at the time of committing the crime- that is they must have intended to commit the crime. According to this case, both elements were present.Mens rea occurred when Gonzales had planned the killing for a long time and also had the intention to kill each of the victims and had actually administered poison to his mother Actus reus was the actions of the accused which occurred in this case when Gonzales did the physical act of murdering his mother, sister and father. He killed the victims by stabbing them with a knife or, in the case of Clodine, striking her with a bat and strangling her, as well as stabbing her with a knife. There was a high de gree of violence in all of the murders.The law was effective in this case because these two elements were proven in the trial. Sef Gonzales decided to kill his parents for many reasons. There are four different factors that might lead to a criminal behaviour. These factors are social, economic, self-interest or genetic. In this cases, the factors are economic and self-interest. I find that the motives for the prisoner committing the murders were that he was fearful that, because of his poor performance in his university studies, his parents might take his car away from him and might withdraw other privileges which had been granted to him nd that he wished to succeed, without delay and as sole heir, to his parents’ property. He had also argued with his mother over a girlfriend of whom she disapproved, and his family had threatened to disinherit him. Sef wasn’t really happy with his parents decisions. The law was effective in this case by the prosecution proving beyond r easonable doubt these factors motivated the awful crimes. In this case the DDP was represented by Mark Tedeschi QC who alleged that Gonzales murdered his Mother, father and sister at the family home on 10th of July 2001.They said that the murders were within the worst class of cases of murder and that they were planned. Gonzales was found guilty beyond reasonable doubt by the jury of all three charges. The DPP was successful in arguing their case so justice was effectively achieved however it was ineffective because it took three years for the case to come to trial. In serious criminal matters such as murder, the accused will attend the Local Court for a committal hearing where the magistrate will determine whether a case, at first sight (prima-facie), exists.It was found in the Local Court that there was enough prima facie evidence to bring a case against Gonzales. The trial against Gonzales began in the Supreme Court on 27th of August 2004 in front of Justice Bruce James, Gonzales pleaded not guilty to the three charges of murder and one charge of threatening product contamination. The judgement was handed down on 17th September 2004 with a guilty verdict, Gonzales received three life imprisonment sentences to be served concurrently.The law was effective in achieving justice in this case but was ineffective because it took over 3 years to get a judgement. Gonzales pleaded not guilty to the offences of three counts of murder and one threatening product contamination even though he was told that the sentence would be lesser if he pleaded guilty. There are two factors which affect the sentencing decision. They are called migitating and aggravating factors.In this case, there are no facts migitating the objective seriousness of the murders. The aggravating factors in Gonzales’s case submitted by the crown were that Sef committed multiple murders who were his own family members. The murders were planned and premeditated. The prisoner has had it in mind to kill his parents from the time he began researching poisons on the internet some months before 10 July 2001. They were brutal and violent. Sef had also attempted to poison his mother.Gonzales showed no remorse. He gave the police false alibis and tried to frame others for the murders. Other false trails were the fabrication of an e-mail that implicated a business rival of Teddy in the murders, the fabrication of threatening e-mails, and the staging of an attempted burglary and an abduction. Sef also put a deposit on a $173,000 Lexus, telling the dealership he would be using his inheritance to pay for the vehicle, traded in his parent's car and pawned his mother's jewellery.The prisoner was not at the time of committing the offences suffering from any mental illness or mental disorder or any mental state which would migitate the criminality of his conduct The court is to impose a sentence of imprisonment for life on a person who is convicted of murder if the court is satisfied that t he level of culpability in the commission of the offence is so extreme that the community interest in retribution, punishment, community protection and deterrence can only be met through the imposition of that sentence†.Sef Gonzales has been sentenced to three concurrent life sentences for the crime, which the judge said fell into the worst category of murder ithout the possibility of parole for the murders of his parents, Teddy and Mary Loiva, and younger sister Clodine However, police investigating the murders began to believe that he was the perpetrator. In December, investigating police were able to disprove Gonzales' first alibi, when they were told of sightings of his car in the driveway at the time of the murders.Gonzales then constructed a second alibi, claiming he had visited a brothel at the time of the murders, but this was proven to be false by the prostitute who he claimed to be with at the time. On 20 May 2004 at the conclusion of a trial, the jury found the pris oner Sef Gonzales guilty of the three counts of murder with which he had been charged that on 10 July 2001 at North Ryde he had murdered Clodine Gonzales, Mary Loiva Josephine Gonzales and Teddy GonzalesThe Crown submitted, in effect, that the murders committed by the prisoner were objectively heinous, that they fell within the worst class of cases of murder at common law and also fell within s 61(1) of the Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act, that there was no circumstance mitigating the objective criminality of the offences and that, with the possible exception of the prisoner’s youth, there was no subjective feature which would mitigate the penalties which should be imposed. Consequently, subject possibly to the prisoner’s youth, maximum sentences of life imprisonment should be imposed.In support of these submissions the Crown said inter alia that the prisoner had committed three murders; that the victims were the prisoner’s parents and sister; that there had b een a high degree of brutality or violence in the commission of the murders; that the murders had been premeditated and planned; that, although the murders had been committed in one criminal episode, there had been distinct intervals of time between the commission of the first and second murders and the commission of the second and third murders; that the prisoner had made searches about poisons and had obtained poisonous seeds with the intention of poisoning his parents and had administered poison to his mother; that he had gone out with Sam Dacillo on the evening of 10 July as part of a plan to create an alibi for himself for at least the time he was with Sam Dacillo and that his going out with Sam Dacillo, so soon after he had committed the murders, demonstrated his callousness;that he had acted out of the base motives of ridding himself of threats to his way of life and of obtaining an inheritance from his parents; that he had raised false alibis and laid false trails with the i ntention of misleading police; that he had not pleaded guilty; that he had not shown any contrition; that he had not provided any assistance to law enforcement authorities, indeed, quite the contrary; that he did not have any excuse of having had a deprived background or upbringing; and that he did not suffer from any mental condition which might have mitigated his criminality. The Crown submitted that the only matter which might possibly mitigate the penalties which should be imposed was the prisoner’s young age.However, the Crown submitted, the present offences were so heinous that the young age of the prisoner should not result in any mitigation of penalty. The court is to impose a sentence of imprisonment for life on a person who is convicted of murder if the court is satisfied that the level of culpability in the commission of the offence is so extreme that the community interest in retribution, punishment, community protection and deterrence can only be met through the imposition of that sentence I do not make any finding that the prisoner has no prospects of rehabilitation. However, I consider that there is a risk of the prisoner re-offending and that there is a risk of future dangerousness.I base this conclusion on the following matters among others:- The objective facts of the offences; that the prisoner pleaded not guilty; that more than three years after having committed the offences the prisoner continues to maintain his innocence and has not demonstrated any insight into the enormity of the offences he committed or any acceptance of responsibility for the offences; and the high degree of unscrupulousness and duplicity shown by the prisoner in the raising of the false alibis and the laying of the false trails. I take into account the prisoner's young age at the time of committing the offences. He was twenty years old, approaching his twenty-first birthday, and he was in his third year as a university student. †¦ However, the conclusion I have reached is that the objective facts of the offences and the subjective circumstances of the prisoner are such that I should impose sentences of life imprisonment for the murders. †.

The Nature of Business

The Nature of Business – IMAX This business report will analyse and explain certain significant areas in business environment in reference to the Sydney IMAX Theatre. We will look at the business life cycle, the main elements of the business’s environment, the internal and external influences on the business and the social responsibilities of the business. 1. Classify the business and summarise its stage in the business life cycle, include a brief history The Sydney IMAX Theatre is a large privately owned business. IMAX is a proprietary limited business; this means that IMAX has a separate legal existence, distinct from its owners, managers and operators. It also has its own income tax liability, separate to your personal income tax. Effectively, a company has the powers of an individual and can: †¢Own and dispose of property and other assets †¢Enter into contracts †¢Sue and be sued The Sydney IMAX Theatre is currently in the maturity stage of its product life cycle. As the business was officially opened in 1996 it has well surpassed its Establishment and growth phase. The company is keeping its sales steady by taking advantage of its homogeneous product and the inelastic demand for its product. IMAX is currently owned by Worlds Biggest Screens Pty Ltd. The history of Sydney IMAX Theatre all starts with the IMAX Corporation that was established in 1967. IMAX Corporation started out as the industry leader in the creation and production of high end rides, attractions and projection technology. The company then went on to be a world leader in the production and design of surround sound technology. The Sydney IMAX Theatre was opened in 1996 and was instantly booming with a very short establishment phase. IMAX very quickly became a tourist attraction and a must see for all people living in the Sydney area. IMAX then saw a large chain of theatres open all over Australia in 4 years putting a great strain on the company. As a result Cinema Plus Ltd was liquidated in 2000 because of cash flow problems. This Liquidation saw all cinemas except Sydney close and saw World’s Biggest Screens Ltd devote all its time and energy on Sydney’s IMAX theatre. 2. The Main Elements of the business environment The Sydney IMAX Theatre is located in on the waterfront in the heart of Sydney’s Darling Harbor. This location has many benefits as it is an entertainment hotspot. The attractions include many restaurants, bars and cafes, the Sydney Aquarium, Sydney Wildlife World, The Australian National Maritime Museum, The Chinese Gardens of Friendship and The Powerhouse Museum. IMAX uses its unique location to its advantage by building special relationships with other businesses nearby therefore providing extra advertising and offering customers special deals that will provide extra sales. The IMAX provides its customers with the biggest cinema screen in the world. With this large screen comes a vast array of new possibilities that enhances the picture quality and the viewer’s experience. This is the reason for the logo†¦ Movies show you, IMAX takes you there. The IMAX provides customers a wide variety of films that are from many different genres. This wide variety increases the target market therefore having a larger and broader variety of people. The IMAX also includes a snack bar located in the facility that provides consumers with food and drink. This not only increases profit per person but also attracts unintended customers. 3. Internal and External influences on the Sydney IMAX Theatre External influences: Influences that a business cannot control †¢Financial markets: exchange rate changes impact profit income as film costs and royalties are based in US dollars †¢Economic factors: An economic downturn can influence people to save and not spend. People cut costs on going out therefore reducing the amount of people going to IMAX. An economic downturn also reduces the amount of tourists in the theatre Technological: advances in IMAX technology may produce whole new range of films that may or may not attract new audiences. †¢Social: changing patterns of leisure will impact greatly on attendance; varies also with the time of year and cycles of school holidays. †¢Geographic: changes to theatre access, parking or public transport will impact on attendance †¢Consumer: flexibility in scheduling allows the t heatre to respond to changing consumer demand for films (reputation and word-of-mouth is very important is influencing the success of any new film) Internal Influences: Influences that a business can control †¢Technological: expansion of e-commerce in marketing activities for example the online ticket purchase system has been extremely effective since its introduction at the start of 2004. †¢New Systems & procedures: introduction EFTPOS and credit card payment has increased sales. New timetabling methods allow teaches to give their students more time in the theatre. †¢Financial: New budgets will affect how a new film is marketed and how much advertisement it gets Product: changes in programming and film selection will influence attendance levels. The development of new products such as education talks will broaden the theatre market. The widening of the target market can potentially create new streams of people visiting the theatre. Both the Internal and external influences on a business are very important in a business’s survival. The IMAX needs to focus on improving their internal weaknesses without forge tting to figure out a way to stabilise its strengths. Only then will the business succeed. 4. The Ethical and Social Responsibilities of The Sydney IMAX Theatre The main purpose of business is to generate maximum returns for its owners and shareholders. So therefore the business has the responsibility of pursuing all activities that enhance profitability and increase the value of the business for the owners and shareholders. But a business also has responsibilities to their consumers, local communities and society as a whole. It is not right just to operate within the letter of the law. Businesses should also try and serve their local community and help its mployees lead better lives. IMAX has the social responsibility for all of its actions, their consequences and impacts on the community and the business itself. IMAX should examine every decision they make not just based on profitability but on long term ethical business value and social responsibility. The Sydney IMAX Theatre has the responsibility of introducing policies in place that take care of your employees and the l ocal community, long term this will still enhance their business brand and over time lead to higher profitability. The IMAX shows its ethical responsibility by only partnering with business’s that are also ethically and socially responsible. As a business ethical and social responsibility is a great way to serve the community, advertise and plan ahead for the future. In recent studies it is shown that quite frankly ethical and social responsibility sells. Conclusion In conclusion The Sydney IMAX Theatre is in its maturity phase of the business life cycle, it is a large privately owned proprietary limited business. Its vast array of films caters for a wide variety of target markets therefore increasing entries. The IMAX uses internal influences such as product and financial influences and is faced with external influences such as financial markets and economic factors. IMAX as a whole is slowly working towards gaining the public’s respect through ethical and social responsibilities which include pairing up with other ethically and socially responsible businesses, taking consequences for its actions and creating policies that specifically intend to take care of employees and the local community.

Myths and Stereotypes About Hispanics and Immigration

Myths and Stereotypes About Hispanics and Immigration Latinos may be the largest ethnic minority group in the United States, but stereotypes and  misconceptions about Hispanic Americans abound. A considerable number of  Americans  believe  that Latinos are all recent immigrants to the U.S. and that unauthorized migrants to the country exclusively come from Mexico. Others believe that Hispanics all speak Spanish and have the same ethnic traits. In fact, Latinos are a more diverse group than the public generally recognizes. Some Hispanics are white. Others are black. Some speak English only. Others speak indigenous languages. This overview breaks down the following pervasive myths and stereotypes. All Undocumented Immigrants Come From Mexico While it’s true that the bulk of undocumented immigrants in the United States come from just south of the border, not all such immigrants are Mexican. The Pew Hispanic Research Center has found that illegal immigration from Mexico has actually declined. In 2007, an estimated 7 million unauthorized immigrants lived in the U.S. Three years later, that number dropped to 6.5 million. By 2010, Mexicans comprised 58 percent of undocumented immigrants living in the U.S. Unauthorized migrants from elsewhere in Latin America made up 23 percent of the undocumented population followed by those from Asia (11 percent), Europe and Canada (4 percent) and Africa (3 percent). Given the eclectic mix of undocumented immigrants residing in the U.S., it’s unfair to paint them with a broad brush. Considering Mexico’s proximity to the U.S., it’s logical that most undocumented immigrants would hail from that country. However, not all undocumented immigrants are Mexican. All Latinos Are Immigrants The United States is known for being a nation of immigrants, but whites and blacks are largely not perceived as being newcomers to America. In contrast, Asians and Latinos routinely field  questions  about where theyre really from. The people who ask such questions overlook that Hispanics have lived in the U.S. for generations, even longer than many Anglo families. Take actress Eva Longoria. She identifies as a Texican, or Texan and Mexican. When the â€Å"Desperate Housewives† star appeared on the PBS program â€Å"Faces of America† she learned that her family settled in North America 17 years before the Pilgrims did. This challenges the perception that Hispanic Americans are all  newcomers. All Latinos Speak Spanish It’s no secret that most Latinos trace their roots to countries that the Spanish once colonized. Because of Spanish imperialism, many Hispanic Americans speak Spanish, but not all do. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, 75.1 percent of Latinos speak Spanish at home. That figure also indicates that a large number of Latinos, about a quarter, do not. Additionally, an increasing number of Hispanics identify  as Indians, and  a  number of these individuals speak indigenous languages rather than Spanish. Between 2000 and 2010, Amerindians who  identify  themselves as Hispanic have tripled from 400,000 to 1.2 million, the New York Times reports. This spike has been attributed to increased immigration from regions in Mexico and Central America with large indigenous populations. In Mexico alone, approximately 364 indigenous dialects are spoken. According to Fox News Latino, Sixteen million Indians live in Mexico. Of those, half speak an indigenous language. All Latinos Look The Same In the United States, the general perception of Latinos is that they have dark brown hair and eyes and tan or olive skin. In reality, not all Hispanics look mestizo, a mix of Spanish and Indian. Some Latinos look entirely European. Others look black. Others look Indian or mestizo. U.S. Census Bureau statistics provide an interesting take on how Hispanics racially identify. As noted previously, an increasing amount of Latinos identify as indigenous. However, more Latinos are identifying as white also. The Great Falls Tribune  reported that 53 percent of Latinos identified as white in 2010, an increase from the 49 percent of Latinos who identified as Caucasian in 2000. Roughly 2.5 percent of Latinos identified as black on the 2010 census form.

Death penalty should not be abolished essays

Death penalty should not be abolished essays The death penalty, probably the most controversial of all legal punishments for prisoners, its the one that I have to write about now. For some people is the perfect solution as a punishment, for others its a cruel way to take revenge. Lets take a look to the penalty. What it basically is about is to take the worst scum of society and by any means kill it (because can be male or female). The penalty has many ways to take effect, there is the electrical chair, in which a 20,000 or more volt current is passed through the body until the individual dies; the gas chamber which basically the prisoner is seated in a small chamber and then the chamber is then flooded with toxic gas; and like this there are many ways. In Guatemala weve had only two ways of death penalty, execution and lethal injection. For me the best way was the execution method because on the lethal injection method, the prisoner is put down to sleep before he dies, so he doesnt feel a thing. Instead in the execution method, in spite of its an ugly scene, the prisoner felt every shot that were like fifteen shots. Now, people say Oh! Poor guy or It didnt meant to do it, spare his life but they are only seeing the half filled glass, because on the other side of the story, the prisoner could have killed a 6 month old baby or raped a 7 year old girl, before killing her, so it would be a life filled with tension moments for the parents of the victim only to know that the killer or rapper is still alive and could escape or get free on parole and strike again. The most amazing story of a prisoner who still is alive and, if it werent for the state abolition of this penalty, he would be executed, is the famous Charlie Manson story. He tortured and killed thirteen persons in one night, including 2 Hollywood stars. He got life in prison and the family of the victims, right now; its probable that ...

Story- english Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Story- english - Essay Example But the captain argues that they need it more, because if they run out of food on the spaceship they will be in trouble. The ships first mate is not pleased either, although it is not explained why. At the end of the page the captain sees something that makes him stop in his tracks. One thing that drives me to this story is its setting. I like the fact that it takes place on another world, and will probably talk about things that cannot be experienced in real life. However, even though this is the case the characters are described realistically and have human problems, so it seems like the story will still relate to real life in that way. I also like the description used. Even though many terms are vague or made up, they still sound important and can be figured out by how the story describes them, like the â€Å"Optus† or the â€Å"Martian go-birds.† The story starts with action, in the captain and his men taking the natives food, and also with some tension between the various characters. The action and the way its described are good because they pull me into the story right away. The tension is just as important because it means something interesting is probably going to happen in the story later on and it makes me want to keep

Terrorism and Organized Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Terrorism and Organized Crime - Essay Example This is because both are compartmentalized and with an organized structure. Both of them are involved in the illegal movement of people, goods, money or weapons from one place to another either within juridical borders or across them under the same conditions. The beginnings of terrorism and organized crime are more or less the same because the groups/organizations begin by their internal trading among each other. Further, after the groups start trading together they tend to work together toward each other’s goals which involve perpetration of unlawful acts. Basically, the difference between terrorism and organized crime depends on their means and ends as well. In the recent past, terrorism and organized crime were two distinct entities, but presently, they have undergone transformation and are hard to distinguish. The reason is because of the changing global economy as well as political alignments because particular individuals derive benefits from both activities. At the same time, political decline and poor economic circumstances have helped both terrorism and organized crime persist because individuals get income from such activities which is impossible if they were not employed at