Red Bull Background - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 275 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/23 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? RED BULL Background Whilst visiting Asia in 1982, Austrian entrepreneur Dietrich Mateschitz discovered a beverage that had a vitalising effect on mind and body and brought it to Europe today this drink is better known as Red Bull. Selling over a billion cans a year and available in over 72 countries, Red Bull is the number one energy drink worldwide, and the third biggest soft drink* in the U. K. Red Bull has been scientifically proven to support the metabolism, improve endurance and alertness as well as increase physical and mental endurance as well as increase feelings of well-being, in short to stimulate body and mind! And with an 85% share of the functional energy drinks market in the UK, Red Bull remains the market leader. Red Bull Sport The important factors for any sportsperson, particularly in competitive sports, are endurance, concentration and fast reactions all of which Red Bull can improve. Popular amongst athletes, Red Bull first forged its reputation a mong alpine skiers and downhill racers as a functional energy drink that worked. Since then, Red Bull has developed especially close and varied links to extreme, fun and adventure sports including; snowboarding, inline and speed skating, beach volleyball, surfing, sailing, kayaking, free-skiing, base jumping, freeclimbing, mountain biking, paragliding, triathlon and windsurfing to name a few. Supporting those in the industry, Red Bull sponsors many extreme sports athletes all over the world such as, Basejumper Felix Baumgartner, Kitesurfer Robby Naish, Kayaker Shaun Baker and Skateboarder Ali Cairns. Red Bull is also heavily involved in motor sports from Formula One to Superbikes. Source: https://www. infomat. net/infomat/rd741/rd1/database/red_bull/index. asp Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Red Bull Background" essay for you Create order

Banksy The Man Behind The Wall And The Documentary

All art has beauty, but that beauty may not be seen by everyone. As revealed in the article â€Å"Banksy: The Man Behind the Wall† and the documentary â€Å"Banksy Does New York,† Banksy is one of few people who understands that. Banksy is an anonymous street artist who had his start in England. He took up a 31-day residency in New York plastering the state with his personal spin on graffiti. Also explained in the documentary, Banksy is an anonymous street artist who originated in England. Banksy’s art directly links to Birk and Birk’s language process and Rosenblatt’s idea of censorship, causing uproars as well as conveying the message that art is relative. Art is relative meaning each person may have a different interpretation of what they are seeing whether it be with or without words. In the documentary â€Å"Banksy Does New York,† Banksy paints a portrait of a beaver in the middle of the Bronx. This ties right into Birk and Birk’s principle of selection. There were two predominant perceptions of this piece of art. Those who came to view the Banksy viewed it as art whereas the natives viewed it as a way to make money. The Banksy fans went out of their way to a neighborhood they would normally never visit just to see this portrait. In contrast, the natives immediately used to piece as a way to make money by charging the visitors to view it. Banksy often hides messages in even his most simple pieces. The message of this piece wasn’t so much the portrait itself as it was the location.Show MoreRelatedLondon s Delusive Visionary, Banksy1475 Words   |  6 PagesLondon’s delusive visionary, Banksy has made waves of controversy. His artwork started in London and have made their way to Los Angeles, Syria, and Brooklyn but he is known all over the world for mocking our society and people seem to be drawn to it, including myself. Even though graffiti is not known for making an impact to society, Street a rt can reflect a feeling because all art has some meaning and the artist has a reason for painting it for the public to see. The British graffiti artist startedRead MoreUsing Art to Comment on Social and Political Issues1666 Words   |  7 PagesOne major purpose of art has been to comment on social and political issues. The use of art to do this has happened throughout the centuries and can be seen used in all types of art. Banksy from the 21st century is an anonymous street artist who creates satirical pieces of art, which encompasses topics from politics, culture and ethics. His street art appears in cities around the world. Dorothea Lange was born on May 26, 1895 in Hoboken, New Jersey and studied photography at Columbia University.Read MoreThe Works Of Banksy By Henry David Thoreau2303 Words   |  10 Pageswhile walls, streets, and bridges become the norm. A rugged description, yet so valid in this case. This principle is exemplified in the works of Banksy. Banksy is my chosen artist. His works are authentic, yet aesthetically defined in the most unusual places. His method of art is likewise fascin ating – for he uses bold sardonic street art and dissident witticisms combined with graffiti performed in idiosyncratic stenciling techniques to portray various messages. As findthemag.com states, Banksy usesRead MoreThe Subculture Of Street Art1407 Words   |  6 PagesSCL191SC October 6, 2014 Cindy Chivsen The Subculture of Street Art In today’s society street art has managed to reach every country worldwide. In the film â€Å"Exit Through The Gift Shop† a film by a street artist named Banksy that tells the story about Thierry Guetta a French man who lives in Los Angles that falls in love with the subculture and films the life known as graffiti or to some people that love it, it is known as street art. Thierry shows the different artist and ways he explains how theRead MoreFilm Festival At Antelope Valley College3497 Words   |  14 Pagesfrequent parades, memorial events, monuments at several of our parks and local establishments. We have well known organizations like the Antelope Valley Blue Star Mothers, OATH: Operation All the Way Home, and we even have our own Mobile Vietnam Veterans Wall. It is in close proximity to Edwards Air Force Base, Air Force Plant 42, original location of Muroc Air Force Base, and test site of many other military projects. Antelope Valley College itself has a wide brea dth of students attending it, from the

Beyonce by Beyonce free essay sample

Her name is everywhere, from magazine covers to highway billboards to television commercials. Although her album was released without any promo, its no surprise that Beyonce is taking over the world with her inspiring, soulful music. The R/pop stars innovative 5th studio album titled Beyonce proved that the number 1 spot on the charts belongs to her. Beyonce surprised her fans and the rest of the world with her new self-titled visual album on December 13, 2013. Unlike any other of her previous recordings, Beyonce presents music videos (recorded in New York, Rio de Janeiro, Paris, and Sydney) that go along with all 14 tracks, including three additional clips. With this album, the star exposes a side of her previously unknown to her fans, producing empowering songs with themes such as feminism, sexuality and family. Well-known rappers, Jay-Z, Drake, and Frank Ocean, are featured on 3 tracks, as well as her 3 year old daughter. We will write a custom essay sample on Beyonce by Beyonce or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This CD is by far Beyonce’s most experimental album, including the alternative RB genre in addition to electronic and soul elements. Her seductive and powerful vocals compliment the music very well as the singers silky voice goes along with the melody of the songs. Funky drum beats and grooves accompany almost every song, creating the perfect rhythm for tapping your foot along with the track. Beyonce’s creativity really shines through with the addition of audio snippets of beauty pageants in â€Å"Ghost/Haunted† and â€Å"Pretty Hurts† and camera flashes in â€Å"Partition.† â€Å"Drunk In Love,† â€Å"XO,† â€Å"Partition/ Yonce,†and â€Å"***Flawless† are easily the album’s most recognizable tracks with their infectious choruses. â€Å"Drunk In Love† is an alluring and provocative piece, beginning with a Middle Eastern-esque melody and transitioning to Jay-Z’s notable rap verse. ***Flawless ft. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie makes everyone sing I woke up like this during the chorus and listening to Adichies influential feminist speech about how society perceives women towards the end. The first song on the album, Pretty Hurts,† and the second song ,â€Å"Ghost/Haunted,† are by far the most beautiful. Beyonce’s empowering tone in â€Å"Pretty Hurts† as she sings about the beauty standards women are expected to follow (Blonder hair/flat chest/ Vogue says â€Å"Thinner is better†) and then reassures listeners that â€Å"Perfection is a disease of the nation† is what really makes the song unlike any other self-confidence boosting song on the charts. â€Å"Ghost/Haunted† is a song that will surely give listeners goosebumps. This half-sung half-spoken piece has a haunting melody that supports the hair-raising, deep vocals that sing about the working class. Beyonce chants that people in the world â€Å"work 9 to 5 just to stay alive† to an electronic beat. Beyonce debuted #1 on the Billboard 200 chart, making the icon the first woman in the music industry to have all 5 of her critically acclaimed albums take the top spot in the first week. Its clear that Beyonce rules the industry, and she won’t be stepping down from the throne anytime soon.

Pros and Cons of Tracking in Our Education System

Tracking in education system refers to a concept of grouping learners according to their academic abilities (Education Week, 2004). In tracking system, learners are grouped and categorized into different classes according to their intellectual abilities (Education Week, 2004).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pros and Cons of Tracking in Our Education System specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This means that a certain class will only have learners who have same abilities. In this paper, we will assess the advantages and disadvantages of the tracking system in education as we try to investigate whether the system encourages or discourages racism in the US. The tracking system has both strengths and weakness. Scholars argue that one of the advantages of the system is that it allows instructors to determine teaching methods and the teaching pace. For talented students, the system favors them in that the teacher is able to meet their needs based on their abilities (Education Week, 2004). For learners with equal abilities, the teacher can efficiently apply certain teaching methods at a certain pace. The system can be reliable for students with special needs since they need certain pace and certain teaching method. Secondly, since the system allows students to be categorized according to their intellectual abilities, it reduces chances of learners loosing self-esteem (Perrucci and Wysong, 2008). Once students are grouped according to their abilities, they only compare their performance with that of their peers reducing chances of lowering individual self-esteem, which may result from comparison of individual performance with others (Perrucci and Wysong, 2008).Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If low-performing students compare themselves against highly performing students, they may lose confidence and reduces chances of improving academically. In addition to this, this system of education allows gifted students to improve in terms of academic achievements (Education Week, 2004). According to a research, when talented learners were tracked they produced better results than similar-ability learners in non-tracked system of education did (Kulik and Kulik, 1992). In a tracked system, when talented students spend more time with their peers with similar abilities, they tend to improve their attitude and consequently improving performance. However, when they are mixed with less gifted students, the high-ability learners tend to achieve lower grades. The system tends to be good for talented students (Education Week, 2004). On the other hand, the system has a number of weaknesses. One of the weaknesses is that, the highly performing, successful, and experienced teachers are usually assigned to highly performing classes while inexperienced tutors are assigned low-performing classes (Perruc ci and Wysong, 2008). Therefore, the system favors unfair placement of tutors. Another major disadvantage of this tracking system in education is that it may lead to cases of stigmatization of low-performing pupils (Perrucci and Wysong, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Pros and Cons of Tracking in Our Education System specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Because of widespread stigmatization, such low-performing students tend to develop negative attitude worsening the situation. A research conducted revealed that such students tend to feel that they are â€Å"doomed† or it is their destiny to perform poorly. This is also because their teachers tend to impose this attitude upon them. Finally, the tracking system in education tends to group students according to social class, economical status, and ethnicity among other factors (Farley, 2009). It appears that high-performing class is only composed of stude nts from high-income families while low-track class appears to be composed of learners from low-income earners (Farley, 2009). Mostly, low-income earners are African Americans and hence the system is discriminating. This grouping of learning does not really reflect the academic performance (students’ abilities). In conclusion, the tracking system of education is one system that definitely supports issues of discrimination considering that it categorizes students based on race, social-status, and other minority aspects. In general, the system brings segregation among learners based on race and social-economics status, which is one form of discrimination. The opinion is that, low-performing students should be encouraged by raising performance standards for them and may be by using reward system to encourage them achieve academically.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reference List Education Week. (2004). Tracking. Retrieved from https://www.edweek.org/ew/issues/tracking/ Farley, J.E. (2009). Majority-Minority Relations. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice hall. Kulik, J., Kulik C. C. (1992). Meta-analytic findings on grouping programs. Gifted  Children Quarterly 36 (2): 73–77. Perrucci, R. Wysong, E. (2008). New Class Society: Goodbye American Dream?  Maryland: Rowman Littlefield. This essay on Pros and Cons of Tracking in Our Education System was written and submitted by user Paulina Herman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Use French Double Negatives

How to Use French Double Negatives Grammarians insist that two negatives make a positive. While this may be true in English, in French two negatives usually make a stronger negative. Double negation is very common in French, particularly informal French. However, there are some rules and regulations when using double negatives in French. Double Negation With N e... Pas When ne... pas is used in a double negative with rien, it negates rien so that the meaning is not nothing:Ce nest pas rien.Its not nothing Its something.Ne... pas cannot be used with aucun, jamais, or personne.Wrong: Je nai pas aucun ami.Right: Je nai aucun ami.I have no friends.Wrong: Je ne veux pas jamais grandir.Right: Je ne veux jamais grandir.I never want to grow up.Wrong: Je nai pas vu personne.Right: Je nai vu personne.I didnt see anyone. Double Negation With​ ​Ne... Jamais and Ne... Plus Jamais and plus can be used with one another and with the negative words aucun, personne, and rien.On ne voit jamais aucune perfection.One never sees any perfection.Literally, One never sees no perfection.Je nai jamais blessà © personne.I have never hurt anyone.Literally, I have never hurt no one.Je nai jamais rien volà ©.I have never stolen anything.Literally, I have never stolen nothing.Je nai plus aucun argent.I dont have any money any more.Literally, I dont have no money any more.Je ne peux plus jamais lui parler.I can never talk to him again.Literally, I cant never talk to him again.Je ne vois plus personne.I dont see anyone any more.Literally, I dont see no one any more. Ne... Pas Que Ne... pas que is a special case. The negative adverb ne... que means only, so ne... pas que means not only:Il ny avait que des hommes.There were only men. vs.Il ny avait pas que des hommes.There werent only men.Je ne regrette quune chose.I regret only one thing. vs.Je ne regrette pas quune chose.I dont regret only one thing.

How does Shakespeare present the relationship between ‘Romeo and Juliet’ in the early part of the play Essays

How does Shakespeare present the relationship between ‘Romeo and Juliet’ in the early part of the play Essays How does Shakespeare present the relationship between ‘Romeo and Juliet’ in the early part of the play Paper How does Shakespeare present the relationship between ‘Romeo and Juliet’ in the early part of the play Paper Essay Topic: Romeo and Juliet In the 16th century a patriarchal society, where men dominated women, meant that women had very little say in marriages. When Shakespeare first introduced ‘Romeo and Juliet’ for the first time their type of relationship was unheard of and controversial. Arranged marriages were very common at the time depending on your social status and love had no meaning. Women had no rights and were viewed as the ‘property’ of the husband. Men also had no respect for women and often raided other villages for wives. At the time marrying at the age of 12 appeared to be normal, however now is frowned at, yet viewing this from an undeveloped, cultural country would still appear to be normal. Shakespeare presented relationships by the way the characters interacted, using dramatic devices and also further enhanced it with the backdrop feud. The males in ‘Romeo and Juliet’ are usually portrayed as aggressive, competitive and violent; on the other hand women being the weaker and subordinate sex are dominated by the male. ‘Tis true; and therefore women being the weaker vessels, are ever thrust to the wall;† From this scene you can see that women are being seen as weak and are not worth the males time so will be pushed up against the wall. Women are perceived as the males ‘property’ and are expected to listen to them without question. Also the males are the more dominant gender throughout the play. Shakespeare was presenting the play as it was; the stereotypical image of men being boisterous and women who had no right or owned anything. Shakespeare portrayed Romeo and Juliet as equal instead of the stereotypical imbalance of equality of the 16th century. At the beginning of the play you can see a disheartened Romeo. He thinks he has fallen in love with Rosaline when in actual fact he hasn’t. â€Å"Why then, O brawling love! O loving hate! † Romeo is depicted as a ‘typical Petrarchan lover’ where he loves Rosaline but she doesn’t love him back because she wanted to remain a celibate. Romeo does not actually love Rosaline as when he later meets Juliet he forgets Rosaline very quickly and shows a more passionate love towards Juliet. Shakespeare emphasises Romeo’s love by using an oxymoron, which creates a paradoxical image in the readers mind confusing them and generates a new concept or meaning. Romeo’s relationship with Juliet was love at first sight. Their love for each other was passionate instead of being forced like it usually was at the time. â€Å"If I profane with my unworthiest hand This holy shrine, the gentle fine is this†. The social context at the time meant that love marriage wasn’t common however Romeo and Juliet immediately fall in love when they first meet each other. Juliets love for Romeo is innocent as she is inexperienced in the topic of love, whereas Romeo falls in and out of love easily and immediately wants to marry her. Romeo compares Juliet to a holy shrine and offers his lips as pilgrims to kiss her. Here, Shakespeare is using religious imagery to show that their love for each other is pure and good. He is also subverting the gender roles, undermining the established social context, where the male is dominant but here Juliet is the more dominant character. The famous balcony scene from ‘Romeo and Juliet’ is one of the most romantic scenes in the play. â€Å"It is the east and Juliet is the sun! Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon†. Here Romeo is comparing Juliet to a sun; he is saying that she is a bright angel and more beautiful than the moon. Previously Juliet was compared to a shrine and now to a sun portraying how Romeo feels for Juliet and how what position he has for Juliet in his heart. Furthermore, Shakespeare is using a metaphor to portray that everything revolves around Juliet and she is a life-force. Again, Shakespeare is subverting the gender roles; he is making Juliet the powerful character. You can see this by the positioning of Romeo, on the ground, and Juliet higher up than him, in the balcony, symbolising she is more dominant. Further proof of this is Juliet making daring actions, such as asking Romeo to marry her. To conclude the significant thing I notice is the context during which the play was written. It was ground-breaking in the sense of how Shakespeare presented relationships and gender roles and portrayed them so realistically. It was rare for such a play to be released with such passionate romance. Personally, this play has highlighted how lucky we are in the modern society, to be able to have the freedom to fall in love with who we want. However, the fact remains that this still is an on-going problem in third world countries where they are retaining the tradition of arranged marriages. So this cannot come as a shock because gender stereotypes still exist in cultural families, even though we are unaware of it living in a developed modern society.

Report on article Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Report on article - Case Study Example There are four basic management styles described in the management literature: Each of these styles has certain advantages and drawbacks, and there is no way to objectively compare their effectiveness: in some organizations directive democrats may be more successful than permissive democrats, in other organizations directive or permissive autocrats may exhibit high effectiveness, and visa versa. Effectiveness of the management style directly depends on the type of organization and nature of work performed. The style of permissive democrats seems to be the best solution for the Department of Justice filled with highly skilled professionals. The involvement in planning and decision making provides them with the sense of belongingness to work and they demonstrate more commitment in performing their duties. However, the style of permissive democrats has one essential limitation: active involvement of the subordinates in the process of decision making, coupled with lack of strict control often produces a deceptive impression that the manager adopts a laissez-faire attitude and simply does not perform his direct functions, namely controlling (Muczyk, 2004). Probably this confusion can be held responsible (at least partially) for the failure of Eileen to keep obey the rules. However, the fact that 8 other members of the team did not have similar problems with discipline suggests that Eileen's case is unique in this organizational setting. Therefore, as a new manager for strategic planning and design within the department of justice, my first step will be to closely analyze the system of relationships established and maintained by my predecessors within the team. The analysis will largely focus on defining the style of management keeping in mind that highly experienced, skilled and responsible employees do not require excessive supervision and control, unless in emergency cases. The next step will be to work individually with Eileen and her colleagues in order to find out the reasons for her misconduct. A series of individual interviews is likely to provide rich and very useful information necessary to find out whether Eileen is a victim of some subjective prejudice or stereotype or she does have some personal problems which prevent her from becoming a full member of the team. Probably, there is a person within the team that maintains negative view of Eileen and successfully promotes this view among other members of the team. At this point the manager should keep in mind that his position does not automatically make him a leader - the most influential persons within the team. The so-called 'workers of influence' theory is particularly important to understand the distinction between managers and leaders. The key

Archplot in the film Die Hard Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Archplot in the film Die Hard - Movie Review Example These struggles must represent the protagonist's particular desire to achieve his objectives against the antagonistic force. There is a linear time frame which characterises the temporal features of the story. This linear time frame is produced as a result of discrete and causally related events. The final feature of the Archplot is the nature of the story's ending. The ending leaves no room for doubt as to the fate of the characters. The ending, in short, is characterised by a finality which cannot be altered. This essay will argue that, in nearly all respects, the Die Hard screenplay conforms closely to the main features of the Archplot. This screenplay pursues the fundamental features noted by McKee, and a textual analysis of the screenplay will be employed to analyse each of these features of the Archplot, respectively. There is a preliminary question as to whether the main protagonist is active or passive. The protagonist in Die Hard is John McClane, a New York City police officer. The script introduces him as "mid-thirties, good-looking, athletic and tired from his trip" (Die Hard: 3). He has a Beretta pistol visible through his open jacket and, in an early attempt to establish the protagonist as an active character, the script contrasts him with a fellow airline passenger when "McClane turns, looks at the Babbit clone next to him. Caught, he tenses, holds his armrests in exaggerated fear" (Die Hard: 3). The Babbit reference is to a famous American literary work which bemoans the passivity and the helplessness of the working man. The physical description of the protagonist, the gun, and the explicit literary reference seek to immediately establish McClane as the anti-Babbit, or the opposite of passive and helpless. McKee establishes various guidelines, or commandments if you will, for creating an active protagonist within the Archplot framework. First, the action must always be within the control of the protagonist. This does not require that the protagonist drive the action forward, indeed the protagonist may be placed in a reactionary role, but that the protagonist is always connected in some way to the plot as it unfolds. Second, the plot must pose challenges and obstacles for the protagonist; in this way, an active protagonist is one whom is presented with barriers to the achievement of certain goals and objectives. Finally, the active protagonist is characterised by an event or a situation which throws his life out of balance or in some other way renders him vulnerable to an antagonistic force. The John McClane character conforms extraordinarily close to McKee's notion of an active protagonist. Die Hard begins and ends with the protagonist. John McClane comes to Los Angeles, becomes embroiled in an adversarial conflict, reigns supreme in the conflict, disposes of the adversary, and then continues to enjoy the original purpose of his visit. As an initial matter, McClane is perfectly tailored for the conflict which he encounters, describing himself as "a New York cop who used to be a New York kid, and I got six months backlog of New York scumbags I'm still trying to put behind bars. I don't just get up

Rookie of the Year Essay Example for Free

Rookie of the Year Essay We face racism, prejudice and stereotypes every day in our lives. We may not initially recognize these three acts, but subconsciously we know they exist. At some point in our lives, we have all experienced racial slurs, segregation and grouping of people one way or another. These ignorant feelings are portrayed well in the movie Crash, written and directed by Paul Haggis. The film depicts racial and social tensions in Los Angeles and involves several characters of different races. The plot evolves quite rapidly and shows just how their seemingly different lives intertwine. The movie’s title is not based on a simple car crash; it actually originated from cultures and races â€Å"crashing† or colliding with each other. Crash is the perfect analogy of how the human race deals with the intricacies of life. These intricacies are felt by interacting with the people around us and those experiences shape our views and actions. Experiences can certainly change our racial views. A prime example of this is viewing all Middle Eastern people as terrorists after the 9/11 attacks. This example significantly shows the lack of tolerance of racial differences that are formed based on generalizations and stereotypes. This difference is displayed throughout the movie Crash. Officer Tommy Hanson, a white rookie cop played by actor Ryan Phillipe, is originally the partner of veteran Officer John Ryan, played by Matt Dillon. As a policeman serving and protecting all of the people of Los Angeles, Officer Ryan is a white â€Å"racist prick† and this bothers Officer Hanson. In their first scene together, the two policemen were off on their evening patrol when they came upon a black Lincoln Navigator. The interesting part was that a Navigator had been reported stolen earlier. Despite discrepancies in both the descriptions of the carjackers and the license plate numbers, Officer Ryan shone his bright lights on the car. As a result, they observe an African American women jump up suspiciously. Ignoring Officer Hanson’s plead to refrain from pulling them over, Officer Ryan proceeds anyway. The driver, TV producer Cameron Thayer, was cooperative but his wife, Christine, had a few drinks earlier and became argumentative with Officer Ryan. Christine exclaims that she and her husband were merely pulled over by the color of their skin. Thus, Christine continues to fight with Officer Ryan. This frustrates Ryan so as the situation escalates, he purposefully makes Christine uncomfortable in a routine pat down. Ryan touches her inappropriately and put his hands inside her dress. Cameron, completely embarrassed, does nothing to defend his wife. After this incident, Officer Hanson becomes disgusted with Officer Ryan. Officer Hanson becomes so appalled that he visits his Lieutenant, Dixon, and requests a new partner. Dixon fearful of losing his job over a rookie cop informs Hanson the only way to get away from Officer Ryan is to use a medical excuse that will allow him to drive his own patrol car. After Officer Hanson and Lieutenant Dixon come to an agreement, Hanson runs into his old partner Officer Ryan in the parking lot. Officer Ryan emotionally tells him, â€Å"Wait till you’ve been doing it a little longer. You think you know who you are. You have no idea! † This foreshadowing farewell hints that the rookie’s untarnished views may soon change with more experience and time in the police force. After Officer Hanson is on his own patrol, he receives a police scanner â€Å"call† about a black Navigator. Officer Hanson arrives at the scene and quickly realizes it is Cameron again. Unlike the first time, Cameron becomes uncooperative with the police and begins threatening them. As a result, police threaten to shoot the TV producer but Officer Hanson steps up to radically defend Cameron. Officer Hanson asks for a minute to talk with Cameron saying he is an old friend. It seems Officer Hanson felt bad from the first time he stopped Cameron, and he tries to make it up to the producer. Officer Hanson tries to calm Cameron down and guides him back to his car. In this encounter, Cameron acted like a completely different person than Hanson had met the first time. Officer Hanson could not understand why Cameron was acting this way towards the officers. The only idea Hanson could think of was that Cameron was acting out to the policemen because Officer Ryan had acted inappropriately with his wife Christine. Officer Hanson saved Cameron’s life since the other officers were threatening to shoot him but Cameron was let go with another warning thanks to Officer Hanson. In the final scene, Officer Hanson finds a man hitchhiking on the side of the road. The man’s name is Peter and Hanson stops and offers him a ride. The two begin having a normal conversation until Peter sees Hanson’s St. Christopher figurine on the dashboard. Peter instantly starts giggling and starts reaching into his pocket; Hanson does not understand this reaction and demands Peter to explain. Peter, however, continues to giggle and puts his hand in his pocket. Consequently, Officer Hanson feels threatened by the movement and shoots Peter. This fear may in fact emanate from a stereotypical view. Officer Hanson may not feel he is racist, but he has developed stereotypes during the course of his career. These stereotypes and conflicting views are obviously what Officer Ryan was referring to in their final meeting. It turns out that Peter was only reaching in his pocket for his own St. Christopher figurine and wanted to show Hanson that they had the same one. Unfortunately, Officer Hanson panics and dumps Peter on the side of the road, then sets his own car on fire and escapes from the scene. Although Officer Hanson may not have been as racist as his ex-partner Officer Ryan, he developed a certain prejudice or stereotypical attitude towards African Americans and obviously random hitchhikers. Racism is not tolerated in our society; in fact it is severely looked down upon, yet people are unable to change their feelings and judgments of people. Even though we are all â€Å"God’s children,† we are distinguished by certain characteristics like the color of our skin. Every race and culture can be viewed differently in society and this certainly applies in Los Angeles. The movie Crash depicted many of these racial views and relayed a resounding message about the negatives of society. Racism and segregation should be eliminated from the real world because all people are created equally. Crash was an influential wake up call to viewers that all people are in fact not treated equally, especially here in America. As shown by Officer Hanson’s negative character progression, even good people can change for the worse depending on their environment and situations. Hopefully in the future this progression is instead positive, and the attitudes toward people of different race, culture, or gender are both improved and accepted with a more open mind.

Sexist Attitude in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay -- Heart Da

Sexist Attitude in Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness This paper will discuss the way Conrad's novel Heart of Darkness relies, both thematically and formally, on values that could be called sexist. By "sexism" I mean the those cultural assumptions that make women be regarded, unjustly, as in different ways inferior to men: socially, intellectually and morally. Since Heart of Darkness has often been regarded as one of the best and profoundest discussions of morality in English literature, this issue is very important. One of the most interesting aspects of the book is how the narrative itself is thought of as unsuitable for women. The narration takes place on a small sailing boat, waiting for the ebb of the Thames to bring it out to the sea, and the listeners to Marlowe's story, of whom the primary narrator is one, are all men. They are, moreover, all comrades, and can be assumed to share certain fundamental values. Some of these values, a blind patriotism for example, are questioned by Marlowe's narrative, while others, such as the contemporary attitude towards women are only confirmed and reinforced. There are not only very few female participants in the story. The secondary, although most important narrator Marlowe, at several points defines the story as itself ill-suited for feminine ears: Girl! What? Did I mention a girl? Oh, she is out of it - completely. They - the women I mean - are out of it - should be out of it. We must help them to stay in that beautiful world of their own least our gets worse. Oh, she had to be out of it. You should have heard the disinterred body of Mr. Kurtz saying, 'My Intended.' You would have perceived directly then how completely she was out of it. (Conrad 75) Here, Marlow fores... ...n of action either to become passive, or to deviate from their righteous ways. By analogy, the voyages of Kurtz and Marlowe, and the enterprise of discovery of colonization themselves, can be seen as essentially masculine acts. Such acts, always perpetrated, it seems, by white men, simply befall, happen to, passive peoples or cultures. As a result, these peoples are turned into the mere receivers of the actions - military, educational, sexual - of others, and are thus, to an extent, "feminized". In this way, the racist discourses of Conrad's times can be understood as connected to the assumptions by which women were, and still are, subjected to social and cultural oppression. Works Cited: Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. New York: Norton, 1988. Achebe, Chinua. "An Image of Africa". In Hopes and Impediments: Selected Essays. New York: Doubleday, 1988.

Sef Gonzales Report

The law is both effective and ineffective throughout the entire criminal process in achieving justice in the murder case involving Sef Gonzales. The case â€Å"Regina vs Gonzales (2004) NSW SC 822† involved the triple murders of Gonzales’s mother, father and only sister The meaning of justice is that everyone is treated equally and fairly under the law. The law was effective in this case because justice was achieved, for the accused, for the victims and for society.Former Sydney student Sef Gonzales has been sentenced to life imprisonment for the triple murder of his parents, solicitor Ted Gonzales, Mary Loiva Gonzales and then 18-year old sister Clodine in their North Ryde home in Sydney’s north-west on July 10, 2001. Clodine Gonzales was the prisoner’s sister and his only sibling. She had had her eighteenth birthday on 9 July 2001, the day before the murders. Mary Loiva Josephine Gonzales was the prisoner’s mother and Teddy Gonzales was the prison er’s father.In order for a crime to occur, both elements of the crime, Actus Reus and mens rea must be present. Actus Reus and mens rea are legal terms used to define a crime. Both elements must be present for an accused to be found guilty of a crime (except for strict liability). Mens rea means that the person must have had a guilty mind at the time of committing the crime- that is they must have intended to commit the crime. According to this case, both elements were present.Mens rea occurred when Gonzales had planned the killing for a long time and also had the intention to kill each of the victims and had actually administered poison to his mother Actus reus was the actions of the accused which occurred in this case when Gonzales did the physical act of murdering his mother, sister and father. He killed the victims by stabbing them with a knife or, in the case of Clodine, striking her with a bat and strangling her, as well as stabbing her with a knife. There was a high de gree of violence in all of the murders.The law was effective in this case because these two elements were proven in the trial. Sef Gonzales decided to kill his parents for many reasons. There are four different factors that might lead to a criminal behaviour. These factors are social, economic, self-interest or genetic. In this cases, the factors are economic and self-interest. I find that the motives for the prisoner committing the murders were that he was fearful that, because of his poor performance in his university studies, his parents might take his car away from him and might withdraw other privileges which had been granted to him nd that he wished to succeed, without delay and as sole heir, to his parents’ property. He had also argued with his mother over a girlfriend of whom she disapproved, and his family had threatened to disinherit him. Sef wasn’t really happy with his parents decisions. The law was effective in this case by the prosecution proving beyond r easonable doubt these factors motivated the awful crimes. In this case the DDP was represented by Mark Tedeschi QC who alleged that Gonzales murdered his Mother, father and sister at the family home on 10th of July 2001.They said that the murders were within the worst class of cases of murder and that they were planned. Gonzales was found guilty beyond reasonable doubt by the jury of all three charges. The DPP was successful in arguing their case so justice was effectively achieved however it was ineffective because it took three years for the case to come to trial. In serious criminal matters such as murder, the accused will attend the Local Court for a committal hearing where the magistrate will determine whether a case, at first sight (prima-facie), exists.It was found in the Local Court that there was enough prima facie evidence to bring a case against Gonzales. The trial against Gonzales began in the Supreme Court on 27th of August 2004 in front of Justice Bruce James, Gonzales pleaded not guilty to the three charges of murder and one charge of threatening product contamination. The judgement was handed down on 17th September 2004 with a guilty verdict, Gonzales received three life imprisonment sentences to be served concurrently.The law was effective in achieving justice in this case but was ineffective because it took over 3 years to get a judgement. Gonzales pleaded not guilty to the offences of three counts of murder and one threatening product contamination even though he was told that the sentence would be lesser if he pleaded guilty. There are two factors which affect the sentencing decision. They are called migitating and aggravating factors.In this case, there are no facts migitating the objective seriousness of the murders. The aggravating factors in Gonzales’s case submitted by the crown were that Sef committed multiple murders who were his own family members. The murders were planned and premeditated. The prisoner has had it in mind to kill his parents from the time he began researching poisons on the internet some months before 10 July 2001. They were brutal and violent. Sef had also attempted to poison his mother.Gonzales showed no remorse. He gave the police false alibis and tried to frame others for the murders. Other false trails were the fabrication of an e-mail that implicated a business rival of Teddy in the murders, the fabrication of threatening e-mails, and the staging of an attempted burglary and an abduction. Sef also put a deposit on a $173,000 Lexus, telling the dealership he would be using his inheritance to pay for the vehicle, traded in his parent's car and pawned his mother's jewellery.The prisoner was not at the time of committing the offences suffering from any mental illness or mental disorder or any mental state which would migitate the criminality of his conduct The court is to impose a sentence of imprisonment for life on a person who is convicted of murder if the court is satisfied that t he level of culpability in the commission of the offence is so extreme that the community interest in retribution, punishment, community protection and deterrence can only be met through the imposition of that sentence†.Sef Gonzales has been sentenced to three concurrent life sentences for the crime, which the judge said fell into the worst category of murder ithout the possibility of parole for the murders of his parents, Teddy and Mary Loiva, and younger sister Clodine However, police investigating the murders began to believe that he was the perpetrator. In December, investigating police were able to disprove Gonzales' first alibi, when they were told of sightings of his car in the driveway at the time of the murders.Gonzales then constructed a second alibi, claiming he had visited a brothel at the time of the murders, but this was proven to be false by the prostitute who he claimed to be with at the time. On 20 May 2004 at the conclusion of a trial, the jury found the pris oner Sef Gonzales guilty of the three counts of murder with which he had been charged that on 10 July 2001 at North Ryde he had murdered Clodine Gonzales, Mary Loiva Josephine Gonzales and Teddy GonzalesThe Crown submitted, in effect, that the murders committed by the prisoner were objectively heinous, that they fell within the worst class of cases of murder at common law and also fell within s 61(1) of the Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act, that there was no circumstance mitigating the objective criminality of the offences and that, with the possible exception of the prisoner’s youth, there was no subjective feature which would mitigate the penalties which should be imposed. Consequently, subject possibly to the prisoner’s youth, maximum sentences of life imprisonment should be imposed.In support of these submissions the Crown said inter alia that the prisoner had committed three murders; that the victims were the prisoner’s parents and sister; that there had b een a high degree of brutality or violence in the commission of the murders; that the murders had been premeditated and planned; that, although the murders had been committed in one criminal episode, there had been distinct intervals of time between the commission of the first and second murders and the commission of the second and third murders; that the prisoner had made searches about poisons and had obtained poisonous seeds with the intention of poisoning his parents and had administered poison to his mother; that he had gone out with Sam Dacillo on the evening of 10 July as part of a plan to create an alibi for himself for at least the time he was with Sam Dacillo and that his going out with Sam Dacillo, so soon after he had committed the murders, demonstrated his callousness;that he had acted out of the base motives of ridding himself of threats to his way of life and of obtaining an inheritance from his parents; that he had raised false alibis and laid false trails with the i ntention of misleading police; that he had not pleaded guilty; that he had not shown any contrition; that he had not provided any assistance to law enforcement authorities, indeed, quite the contrary; that he did not have any excuse of having had a deprived background or upbringing; and that he did not suffer from any mental condition which might have mitigated his criminality. The Crown submitted that the only matter which might possibly mitigate the penalties which should be imposed was the prisoner’s young age.However, the Crown submitted, the present offences were so heinous that the young age of the prisoner should not result in any mitigation of penalty. The court is to impose a sentence of imprisonment for life on a person who is convicted of murder if the court is satisfied that the level of culpability in the commission of the offence is so extreme that the community interest in retribution, punishment, community protection and deterrence can only be met through the imposition of that sentence I do not make any finding that the prisoner has no prospects of rehabilitation. However, I consider that there is a risk of the prisoner re-offending and that there is a risk of future dangerousness.I base this conclusion on the following matters among others:- The objective facts of the offences; that the prisoner pleaded not guilty; that more than three years after having committed the offences the prisoner continues to maintain his innocence and has not demonstrated any insight into the enormity of the offences he committed or any acceptance of responsibility for the offences; and the high degree of unscrupulousness and duplicity shown by the prisoner in the raising of the false alibis and the laying of the false trails. I take into account the prisoner's young age at the time of committing the offences. He was twenty years old, approaching his twenty-first birthday, and he was in his third year as a university student. †¦ However, the conclusion I have reached is that the objective facts of the offences and the subjective circumstances of the prisoner are such that I should impose sentences of life imprisonment for the murders. †.

The Nature of Business

The Nature of Business – IMAX This business report will analyse and explain certain significant areas in business environment in reference to the Sydney IMAX Theatre. We will look at the business life cycle, the main elements of the business’s environment, the internal and external influences on the business and the social responsibilities of the business. 1. Classify the business and summarise its stage in the business life cycle, include a brief history The Sydney IMAX Theatre is a large privately owned business. IMAX is a proprietary limited business; this means that IMAX has a separate legal existence, distinct from its owners, managers and operators. It also has its own income tax liability, separate to your personal income tax. Effectively, a company has the powers of an individual and can: †¢Own and dispose of property and other assets †¢Enter into contracts †¢Sue and be sued The Sydney IMAX Theatre is currently in the maturity stage of its product life cycle. As the business was officially opened in 1996 it has well surpassed its Establishment and growth phase. The company is keeping its sales steady by taking advantage of its homogeneous product and the inelastic demand for its product. IMAX is currently owned by Worlds Biggest Screens Pty Ltd. The history of Sydney IMAX Theatre all starts with the IMAX Corporation that was established in 1967. IMAX Corporation started out as the industry leader in the creation and production of high end rides, attractions and projection technology. The company then went on to be a world leader in the production and design of surround sound technology. The Sydney IMAX Theatre was opened in 1996 and was instantly booming with a very short establishment phase. IMAX very quickly became a tourist attraction and a must see for all people living in the Sydney area. IMAX then saw a large chain of theatres open all over Australia in 4 years putting a great strain on the company. As a result Cinema Plus Ltd was liquidated in 2000 because of cash flow problems. This Liquidation saw all cinemas except Sydney close and saw World’s Biggest Screens Ltd devote all its time and energy on Sydney’s IMAX theatre. 2. The Main Elements of the business environment The Sydney IMAX Theatre is located in on the waterfront in the heart of Sydney’s Darling Harbor. This location has many benefits as it is an entertainment hotspot. The attractions include many restaurants, bars and cafes, the Sydney Aquarium, Sydney Wildlife World, The Australian National Maritime Museum, The Chinese Gardens of Friendship and The Powerhouse Museum. IMAX uses its unique location to its advantage by building special relationships with other businesses nearby therefore providing extra advertising and offering customers special deals that will provide extra sales. The IMAX provides its customers with the biggest cinema screen in the world. With this large screen comes a vast array of new possibilities that enhances the picture quality and the viewer’s experience. This is the reason for the logo†¦ Movies show you, IMAX takes you there. The IMAX provides customers a wide variety of films that are from many different genres. This wide variety increases the target market therefore having a larger and broader variety of people. The IMAX also includes a snack bar located in the facility that provides consumers with food and drink. This not only increases profit per person but also attracts unintended customers. 3. Internal and External influences on the Sydney IMAX Theatre External influences: Influences that a business cannot control †¢Financial markets: exchange rate changes impact profit income as film costs and royalties are based in US dollars †¢Economic factors: An economic downturn can influence people to save and not spend. People cut costs on going out therefore reducing the amount of people going to IMAX. An economic downturn also reduces the amount of tourists in the theatre Technological: advances in IMAX technology may produce whole new range of films that may or may not attract new audiences. †¢Social: changing patterns of leisure will impact greatly on attendance; varies also with the time of year and cycles of school holidays. †¢Geographic: changes to theatre access, parking or public transport will impact on attendance †¢Consumer: flexibility in scheduling allows the t heatre to respond to changing consumer demand for films (reputation and word-of-mouth is very important is influencing the success of any new film) Internal Influences: Influences that a business can control †¢Technological: expansion of e-commerce in marketing activities for example the online ticket purchase system has been extremely effective since its introduction at the start of 2004. †¢New Systems & procedures: introduction EFTPOS and credit card payment has increased sales. New timetabling methods allow teaches to give their students more time in the theatre. †¢Financial: New budgets will affect how a new film is marketed and how much advertisement it gets Product: changes in programming and film selection will influence attendance levels. The development of new products such as education talks will broaden the theatre market. The widening of the target market can potentially create new streams of people visiting the theatre. Both the Internal and external influences on a business are very important in a business’s survival. The IMAX needs to focus on improving their internal weaknesses without forge tting to figure out a way to stabilise its strengths. Only then will the business succeed. 4. The Ethical and Social Responsibilities of The Sydney IMAX Theatre The main purpose of business is to generate maximum returns for its owners and shareholders. So therefore the business has the responsibility of pursuing all activities that enhance profitability and increase the value of the business for the owners and shareholders. But a business also has responsibilities to their consumers, local communities and society as a whole. It is not right just to operate within the letter of the law. Businesses should also try and serve their local community and help its mployees lead better lives. IMAX has the social responsibility for all of its actions, their consequences and impacts on the community and the business itself. IMAX should examine every decision they make not just based on profitability but on long term ethical business value and social responsibility. The Sydney IMAX Theatre has the responsibility of introducing policies in place that take care of your employees and the l ocal community, long term this will still enhance their business brand and over time lead to higher profitability. The IMAX shows its ethical responsibility by only partnering with business’s that are also ethically and socially responsible. As a business ethical and social responsibility is a great way to serve the community, advertise and plan ahead for the future. In recent studies it is shown that quite frankly ethical and social responsibility sells. Conclusion In conclusion The Sydney IMAX Theatre is in its maturity phase of the business life cycle, it is a large privately owned proprietary limited business. Its vast array of films caters for a wide variety of target markets therefore increasing entries. The IMAX uses internal influences such as product and financial influences and is faced with external influences such as financial markets and economic factors. IMAX as a whole is slowly working towards gaining the public’s respect through ethical and social responsibilities which include pairing up with other ethically and socially responsible businesses, taking consequences for its actions and creating policies that specifically intend to take care of employees and the local community.

Myths and Stereotypes About Hispanics and Immigration

Myths and Stereotypes About Hispanics and Immigration Latinos may be the largest ethnic minority group in the United States, but stereotypes and  misconceptions about Hispanic Americans abound. A considerable number of  Americans  believe  that Latinos are all recent immigrants to the U.S. and that unauthorized migrants to the country exclusively come from Mexico. Others believe that Hispanics all speak Spanish and have the same ethnic traits. In fact, Latinos are a more diverse group than the public generally recognizes. Some Hispanics are white. Others are black. Some speak English only. Others speak indigenous languages. This overview breaks down the following pervasive myths and stereotypes. All Undocumented Immigrants Come From Mexico While it’s true that the bulk of undocumented immigrants in the United States come from just south of the border, not all such immigrants are Mexican. The Pew Hispanic Research Center has found that illegal immigration from Mexico has actually declined. In 2007, an estimated 7 million unauthorized immigrants lived in the U.S. Three years later, that number dropped to 6.5 million. By 2010, Mexicans comprised 58 percent of undocumented immigrants living in the U.S. Unauthorized migrants from elsewhere in Latin America made up 23 percent of the undocumented population followed by those from Asia (11 percent), Europe and Canada (4 percent) and Africa (3 percent). Given the eclectic mix of undocumented immigrants residing in the U.S., it’s unfair to paint them with a broad brush. Considering Mexico’s proximity to the U.S., it’s logical that most undocumented immigrants would hail from that country. However, not all undocumented immigrants are Mexican. All Latinos Are Immigrants The United States is known for being a nation of immigrants, but whites and blacks are largely not perceived as being newcomers to America. In contrast, Asians and Latinos routinely field  questions  about where theyre really from. The people who ask such questions overlook that Hispanics have lived in the U.S. for generations, even longer than many Anglo families. Take actress Eva Longoria. She identifies as a Texican, or Texan and Mexican. When the â€Å"Desperate Housewives† star appeared on the PBS program â€Å"Faces of America† she learned that her family settled in North America 17 years before the Pilgrims did. This challenges the perception that Hispanic Americans are all  newcomers. All Latinos Speak Spanish It’s no secret that most Latinos trace their roots to countries that the Spanish once colonized. Because of Spanish imperialism, many Hispanic Americans speak Spanish, but not all do. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, 75.1 percent of Latinos speak Spanish at home. That figure also indicates that a large number of Latinos, about a quarter, do not. Additionally, an increasing number of Hispanics identify  as Indians, and  a  number of these individuals speak indigenous languages rather than Spanish. Between 2000 and 2010, Amerindians who  identify  themselves as Hispanic have tripled from 400,000 to 1.2 million, the New York Times reports. This spike has been attributed to increased immigration from regions in Mexico and Central America with large indigenous populations. In Mexico alone, approximately 364 indigenous dialects are spoken. According to Fox News Latino, Sixteen million Indians live in Mexico. Of those, half speak an indigenous language. All Latinos Look The Same In the United States, the general perception of Latinos is that they have dark brown hair and eyes and tan or olive skin. In reality, not all Hispanics look mestizo, a mix of Spanish and Indian. Some Latinos look entirely European. Others look black. Others look Indian or mestizo. U.S. Census Bureau statistics provide an interesting take on how Hispanics racially identify. As noted previously, an increasing amount of Latinos identify as indigenous. However, more Latinos are identifying as white also. The Great Falls Tribune  reported that 53 percent of Latinos identified as white in 2010, an increase from the 49 percent of Latinos who identified as Caucasian in 2000. Roughly 2.5 percent of Latinos identified as black on the 2010 census form.

Death penalty should not be abolished essays

Death penalty should not be abolished essays The death penalty, probably the most controversial of all legal punishments for prisoners, its the one that I have to write about now. For some people is the perfect solution as a punishment, for others its a cruel way to take revenge. Lets take a look to the penalty. What it basically is about is to take the worst scum of society and by any means kill it (because can be male or female). The penalty has many ways to take effect, there is the electrical chair, in which a 20,000 or more volt current is passed through the body until the individual dies; the gas chamber which basically the prisoner is seated in a small chamber and then the chamber is then flooded with toxic gas; and like this there are many ways. In Guatemala weve had only two ways of death penalty, execution and lethal injection. For me the best way was the execution method because on the lethal injection method, the prisoner is put down to sleep before he dies, so he doesnt feel a thing. Instead in the execution method, in spite of its an ugly scene, the prisoner felt every shot that were like fifteen shots. Now, people say Oh! Poor guy or It didnt meant to do it, spare his life but they are only seeing the half filled glass, because on the other side of the story, the prisoner could have killed a 6 month old baby or raped a 7 year old girl, before killing her, so it would be a life filled with tension moments for the parents of the victim only to know that the killer or rapper is still alive and could escape or get free on parole and strike again. The most amazing story of a prisoner who still is alive and, if it werent for the state abolition of this penalty, he would be executed, is the famous Charlie Manson story. He tortured and killed thirteen persons in one night, including 2 Hollywood stars. He got life in prison and the family of the victims, right now; its probable that ...

Story- english Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Story- english - Essay Example But the captain argues that they need it more, because if they run out of food on the spaceship they will be in trouble. The ships first mate is not pleased either, although it is not explained why. At the end of the page the captain sees something that makes him stop in his tracks. One thing that drives me to this story is its setting. I like the fact that it takes place on another world, and will probably talk about things that cannot be experienced in real life. However, even though this is the case the characters are described realistically and have human problems, so it seems like the story will still relate to real life in that way. I also like the description used. Even though many terms are vague or made up, they still sound important and can be figured out by how the story describes them, like the â€Å"Optus† or the â€Å"Martian go-birds.† The story starts with action, in the captain and his men taking the natives food, and also with some tension between the various characters. The action and the way its described are good because they pull me into the story right away. The tension is just as important because it means something interesting is probably going to happen in the story later on and it makes me want to keep

Terrorism and Organized Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Terrorism and Organized Crime - Essay Example This is because both are compartmentalized and with an organized structure. Both of them are involved in the illegal movement of people, goods, money or weapons from one place to another either within juridical borders or across them under the same conditions. The beginnings of terrorism and organized crime are more or less the same because the groups/organizations begin by their internal trading among each other. Further, after the groups start trading together they tend to work together toward each other’s goals which involve perpetration of unlawful acts. Basically, the difference between terrorism and organized crime depends on their means and ends as well. In the recent past, terrorism and organized crime were two distinct entities, but presently, they have undergone transformation and are hard to distinguish. The reason is because of the changing global economy as well as political alignments because particular individuals derive benefits from both activities. At the same time, political decline and poor economic circumstances have helped both terrorism and organized crime persist because individuals get income from such activities which is impossible if they were not employed at

Find a topic about math and relate to interior& architecture design Essay

Find a topic about math and relate to interior& architecture design major - Essay Example To better understand the importance of mathematics in architecture, the most initial thing is to come up with a clear understanding regarding the concept of architecture itself. It hence refers to a system of structures and buildings that tend to form a space standard for the people’s activities and lives, as well as the art of creating these structures and buildings in correspondence to the cognitive laws that governs beauty. It follows from this definition that there exist two aspects of Architecture notion. On the other hand, Architecture is a specific kind of technological advancement that is intended for the formation of a space standard for activity and lives of people. The architects should hence be conversant with the mechanical laws so as to ensure that the proper mechanical stability and strength regarding the given structures and buildings. Architecture comes out as a form of Fine Art that should be created by an architect in his "structures and buildings with correspondence to the laws of shape and beauty. This means that an architect has to be accorded clear guideline by the Principles and Laws of Beauty and Harmony in his/her creativity. As a form of Fine Art, Architecture is closely connected to other types of Fine Arts including Music, Painting, and Sculpture. In this correlation the idea of creating emerging mathematical concepts, as well as the Mathematical Harmony tend to arise. It is hence unfeasible make cognitive statements on all the scientific attainments of Mathematical Harmony in a brief essay. Based on the historical perspectives, there is a clear relationship that emerges between metaphysics and physics, and the fact that architecture has always been a perfect contender with regards to the metaphysical representation with its inherent geometrical character. Thus, what can be found as a societal body of knowledge will usually be symbolically represented in its established

Human Growth and Development Essay Example for Free

Human Growth and Development Essay The average child begins to walk between? (C) 11and12months Source: page 85 5. According to Piaget, adaptation is made up of the two processes called? E) Accommodation and assimilation Source: internet 6. The fact that parents will provide less direction to a child who begins to show competence on a task, supports the theory of? (D) Vygotsky Source: chapter 7 7. According to the information- processing approach, children’s memories improve with age m because? (A) They get better at organizing information Source: page 26 8. Jane digs a hole in the sandbox while Jim, who is sitting next to her, fills his bucket with sand they share the shovels in the sandbox and talk about school they are engaged in? Associative play Source: internet 9. Which of the following research methods is most often used to study rare or unique situations or behavior? (B) Psychosocial Source: page 33 10. Which of the following theories describes stages of development? (C) Discontinuity Source: page 269 11. Which of the following is an example of instrumental aggression? (A) Sara pushes Joy out of the way so she can get a toy she wants to play with first Source: page 269 12. According to statistics, which group commits most of the child abuse in our country? Which theoretical perspective assumes there is a bidirectional relationship between the person and the environment? C. psychobiological Source: internet 14. A problem with longitudinal research is? C. subject to drop out Source: page 36 15. Students who have developed a mastery orientation would attribute a good grade on a test to their ability; and a bad grade on a test to? (D) Lack of effort Source: internet 16. According to recent research, which of the following has shown a correlation with age, but is NOT found only in older people? E. wisdom Source: internet 17. Compared to peer groups in middle childhood, adolescent peer groups? C. are more structured and exclusive Source: page 332 18. Which of the following indicates the -presence of empathy? C. Mollie laughs when she sees something funny on television Source: internet 19. among the parenting styles that have been studied by Baumrind, which of the following is associated with the most negative impact on development? B. authoritarian Source: page 253 20. Which of the following statements about physical growth is true? A. Physical growth is rapid during infancy, slows during early and middle childhood, and then rapid again during adulthood. Research on the growth hormone (GH) has shown that? E. vitamin C can simulate GH productivity in the body Source: internet 22. Researchers have studied the impact of late versus early maturation on adolescents ‘adjustment. Which of the pairs below have been shown to have the best adjustment outcomes? C. late maturing boys and early maturing girls Source: internet 23. One theory of biological aging suggests aging is inevitable and is caused by? C. wear and tear from normal use Source: page 538 24. An effective treatment for the side effects of menopause is? The type of hearing loss associated with aging is loss of sensitivity for C. high frequency sounds Source: page 545 34. One reason older adults experience declining eye sight is? B. a decrease in the size of the retina Source: page 543 35. Which of the following statements represents the learning approach to language development? C. Children learn language by formulating and testing hypotheses about the meaning of words and the rules of their combination. Source: internet 36. Which of the following is an example of over regularization in language development? D. We, Mommy and I went to the store. † Source: internet 37. Billy sees a beach ball and says â€Å"ball. † He sees a basketball and says â€Å"bait† He sees a soccer ball and says â€Å"baL† Finally he sees a globe on a desk and says â€Å"ball† Calling the globe a ball is referred to as? A. Categorization Source: internet 38. Noam Chomsky argued that the ability to learn language? C. is positively correlated with intelligence Source: internet 39. The first stage of language development is B. babbling Source: internet 40. An indication that we are born prepared to acquire a language is the fact that A. nfants can discriminate among all of the speech sounds used in all of the world’s languages even better than adults Source: internet 41. Studies of intelligence in adulthood have shown A. while there is some decline in information processing, there is some stability in fluid and crystallized interference Source: internet 42. Sibling rivalry tends to be worse during B. early childhood Source: page 259 43. Compared with children who have siblings, only children D. does better academically Source: page 261 44. Although the rate of divorce is high, the rate of remarriage is also high. This leads to a large number of reconstituted families referred to as B. blended families Source: page 607 45. A sexual offender is more likely to target A, an early maturing child Source: internet 46. one way to help children adjust to divorce is to? A) minimize the conflict between parents after the divorce Source: page 261 47. Researchers examining cultural influences on self esteem have found that (A) Chinese and Japanese children score lower in self-esteem than American children Source: internet 48. Children display learned helplessness if their parents C) set high standards of achievement for them, but also communicate e belief that the child is not very capable

Hemp :: essays research papers

Hemp PREAMBLE As we enter a new millennium, we find ourselves reevaluating the paths we've chosen and the decisions we've made. Have we made the best with what we've got or are we stumbling in the dark? How many gaps riddle the blanket of our knowledge? The problem lies in how we make sense of where we're heading. Do we choose the path of economics and progress or do we choose the path of environmentalism and sustainability? Is there a median available for us to take where the greens of economy and environment are balanced or are we doomed to blindly continue the path of short-term gain and comfort . . . living out a flawed paradigm? Canada is a prime example of a country that is continually weighing its power and influence on the natural and manmade worlds. We've found ourselves sitting on the global fence between our magliomaniacal brother to the south and our staunch traditionalist motherland to the east. From this division of powers and alliances we find ourselves locked into a self-induced ignorance and stifling conservatism. It's ironic that we have the opportunity to solve most of Canada's critical environmental issues in one fell swoop . . . with one simple plant. It is ignorance and the maintenance of the status quo that has blinded and crippled our ability to realize this resource. INTRODUCTION A plant exists that is so strong that it can be grown without requiring chemicals in almost every part of the world. Many have touted this plant as a possible way in which to wean society from its dependence on fossil fuels for energy and the need to log forests for pulp, paper and wood. It is even said that this plant could adequately clothe and feed the world more efficiently and cheaply than we can do now! Why is this miracle plant not used if all evidence points to its versatility? The answer is bogged down in a century of law, sociology, the corporate agenda and conspiracy theories. Since the early part of the century, hemp has been considered a drug, though it has no euphoric attributes. Hemp: the wonder plant and possible solution to the bulk of our problems is illegal only because it is seen as guilty by it's association with marijuana. Hemp is a herbaceous plant called "cannabis sativa", which means `useful (sativa) hemp (cannabis)'. Fiber is the best known product, and the word `hemp' can also mean the rope or twine which is made from the plant, as well as just the stalk of the plant which produced it. History has proven its acceptance of hemp: both the U.

Clearing the Smoke with Education

Do you want to die? Do you want your children to experience early deaths? These questions run through my mind every time I witness people puffing away on their cigarettes. It genuinely hurts me to see parents smoking around their children. As if this isn†t enough to promote smoking among the young, there are a number of other elements that encourage them to smoke. As one writer explains, â€Å"They†ve learned from movies and advertising that smoking makes them more mature and sophisticated† (Chen 29). They would look anything but sophisticated lying in the morgue with family and friends hovering over, grieving. This case is closed! The cause of death is lung cancer at age 35. Also as another writer states, â€Å"Recently tobacco companies have found new ways to promote their products to youth. They support their sporting events and concerts, and even give them discounts on hip clothing† (Schwartz). We, the people, need to come up with a sensible solution on how to cut down on cigarette smoking amongst the young and old. There are many sensible solutions that could be tried. We could always pass a law stating complete prohibition of tobacco products, but as we look back at the 18th Amendment, prohibition of alcohol, that may not be such a wise choice. Some may say that prohibition should be passed on tobacco products because they are un-nutritional. That statement is a farce! This couldn†t be passed as a general rule because â€Å"†¦ there†s absolutely no nutritional reason for adding salt to food, or consuming beer, whiskey, butter, potato chips, and candy†¦ † (Williams 35). My view is if prohibition were to pass, that†s fine, but we should brace ourselves for a new generation for Al Capones. This is why it is time to take the initiative to educate our selves and the younger generation on the harmfulness of tobacco products. First of all, I think everyone has the common knowledge that â€Å"tobacco products are harmful†(Bowles 32). So why do people use them? The first puff of a cigarette is usually the result of curiosity or, perhaps, peer pressure when talking about a group of teenagers. I am challenging you to go out and ask as many regular smokers as you can if they read the Surgeon General warning on the back of a pack of cigarettes. I wish you luck in trying to find someone who will respond positively. So really people have no true knowledge about tobacco other than what is told to them. If people listen when they are told that tobacco products are harmful, maybe if we dig deeper and pull out specific consequences and real life stories, smokers would truly understand the danger they are in. As writer, Sally Chen states, the biggest danger would be â€Å"†¦ how hard it is to stop once you†ve started† (Chen 29). Chen also shares the thought that â€Å"[Tobacco is] an addictive drug that not only harms the user but everyone else through secondary smoke† (30). Also, because tobacco products are extremely un-nutritional, if we help to lower the amount of smokers, we will help to lower health care costs. This aspect of saving money is one that everyone would embrace! Perhaps if we educate people they will never start, hence avoiding the danger of addiction. Unfortunately, I will admit that there are hills to climb before we can start this education process. First, will people listen? Educating children wouldn†t be as difficult has educating adults. With children we could incorporate smoking education into their everyday schooling where they are forced to listen or they fail. I am proposing that there should be in depth information presented to the children about the consequences of smoking. For example, when I took a chemistry course, my instructor would preach on how careful you had to be when working with chemicals. He would use real life stories to explain what happens when we misuse the chemicals. A lot of the time I was terrified to use some of these chemicals for fear of getting burned or going blind. If we do the same when educating people about smoking, we may get somewhere in the fight to decrease the percentage of people who do smoke. We have to understand that we cannot make anyone listen, but if a child fails the course, it will be repeated until the child passes. When the child passes, it signifies that they know the information and, hopefully, that it sunk in. Some may argue that this â€Å"un-important† subject could take away from other school subjects. Let me ask you this, does learning about the human body in health class take away from other subjects. Or how about the learning of alcohol when taking a Safety Ed course? When you look at this objection as a whole, there are really no downsides to this option. However, it can be extremely beneficial. Sure, children need to pay attention to their English and Math courses, but will they be able to use them in the future if they are lying in a hospital bed with emphysema? I don†t think so. Incorporating smoking education into the everyday health classes is not a hazard, but rather a swift start to a smoke free America. However, with adults it may not be this easy. You cannot make adults come to school, as you can with children. Adults have to want to be educated in order to be educated. Newspaper advertisements are a good way to present the hazards of smoking. Catchy headlines and striking attention getters are a requirement if we want adults to read more than the first line. There could be advertisements posting dates and times on classes where you can go and learn about the effects of smoking. These classes are for people who want to quit, which is why newspaper articles are needed to make people think twice about smoking. Television commercials or, perhaps, infomercials are other alternatives to getting the public†s attention. Once people begin to understand what smoking is really about, if they are smart, they will want to quit. Another question that may arise is where are we going to get the money to fund these classes? Money isn†t a problem when smoking classes are being taught in the schools. Nothing changes in that sense. As for funding outside of school classes, such as those available to adults, there are some simple solutions to raising money. Getting support from larger anti-smoking organizations is always a plus and sometimes they will even provide donations to organizations that they find to be beneficial to people. Another way to raise money is through fundraisers. Setting up walk-a-thons and other health related events is always a good way to raise money, and it†s also a good way to make your organization well known. Putting taxes on cigarettes is not an option that should be forgotten. There are copious ways that these classes can be funded, so there is no ned for it to be made into a major issue. Education is a positive solution in preventing smoking among all age groups. If people are properly educated, the end result should be rewarding. As smoking decreases from generation to generation, the health of the American people will increase and life expectancies may rise also. Being human myself, I know that people will listen, as long as they are not forced to, for â€Å"†¦ mankind always struggles to be free† (Bowles 33). We need to approach this problem with gentleness, but with confidence that we can prevent the smoking problem from becoming bigger. The goal here is to help people enjoy long, healthy lives. Use your right to choose wisely, because you have the right to live!

Experiment Essay

The primary focus of experiment 4 was to teach a student the basic solubility rules of salts in aqueous solutions. After developing and using a scheme for the qualitative analysis of three cations in an aqueous mixture, a student would use a centrifuge to identify, precipitate, and separate the three ions in the mixture. After becoming familiar with all three cations, the student would use the scheme again to identify at least two of the cations in an unknown solution. In order to begin the separation process, HCl is added to the mixture of cations to form the precipitates and separate the chlorides of Ag+, Pb2+, and HG22+. It is important not to add too much HCl because an excess would form the soluble complexes of AgCl and PbCl2. After the HCl is added, it is centrifuged to form a solid precipitate that contains all three cations and separate them from the supernatant liquid. Finally, another drop of HCl is added to test for completeness of precipitation and centrifuged again if the solution remains incomplete. To separate the lead (II) ion from the sample of solution, it must be separated from the insoluble Hg2Cl2 and AgCL salts by dissolving it in hot water. Once it has been dissolved from the other two cations, it is centrifuged and the liquid is decanted into another test tube. Once in the other test tube, a drop of 6.0 M acetic acid and two drops of 1.0 M K2CrO4 is added to the saved liquid. If the lead (II) cation is present, a yellow precipitate forms and ensures the presence of that cation. When testing my unknown solution, the lead (II) ion was not present in my solution. To further separate the cations, 1.0 mL of 6 M NH3 is added to the saved precipitate. After adding the ammonia, the mixture is centrifuged and the liquid is once again decanted into another test tube. If a gray or black precipitate forms, this proves the presence of Hg22+. The mercury (I) ion was present in my unknown. Finally, separating the silver ions from the sample solution mixture is accomplished in the prior step when the mercury ion is centrifuged. In order to test for the presence of silver ions, 1 mL of 6M HNO3 is added to the solution from the prior step. The silver precipitates in this acidic solution. If a white precipitate appears, silver is present in the solution. The presence of a white precipitate in the solution proves that there were silver ions in my unknown. By following the scheme for the qualitative analysis, it was simple to separate and test for the presence of the target cations. It was critical to correctly label every one of the liquids to ensure the correct reactions. No other difficulties prevented success in the experiment, but performing the experiment several times would further reinforce the outcome of the experiment.

An introduction to the benefits of low-noise I-TEC dimming essays

An introduction to the benefits of low-noise I-TEC dimming essays In 1962 a new design of dimmer was publicly demonstrated in London for the first time. Known as the SCR or Thyristor, the dimmer used two solid-statesemiconductor devices to chop each half cycle of the mains sine wave such that the current to the lamp was continuously variable. The technique was not new, as it was the principle behind the so-called 'electronic' dimmers of the previous decade which used thyratron valves. Experimental dimmers had been made previously using thyristors, but the breakthrough came when the thyristor became commercially available in a range of power ratings suitable for lighting applications. Thyristors are devices which switch on very quickly when triggered. By using a thyristor in a lamp circuit as a gate to block alternating current from the mains supply to the lamp, and then opening the gate at a prede-termined point in the mains half-cycle, a proportion of the full mains supply only is passed to the lamp. This process of blocking and releasing current happens each half cycle of the mains supply (in other words, 100 times a second), and the rapidly switching mains supply is averaged out by the thermal response of the lamp's filament to appear a smooth and constant dimmed level to the eye. By reducing the 'blocking' period and thus extending the 'on' period, the lamp receives more current per cycle and the illumination appears brighter to our eyes. If the blocking period is longer the lamp is dimmed, and if the thyristor is not triggered, no current at all passes to the lamp.The thyristor dimmer was launched into a market which, for many years, had relied on resistor dimmers, auto transformers, magnetic dimmers or 'electronic' valve dimmers, and the benefits were immediately appreciated. Compared to the technologies it replaced, the thyristor dimmer was smaller, lighter, faster and reliable, more energy-efficient, was not affected by temperature changes, was more suited to remote control ...

Examinnig The Social Work Intervention Practice Social Work Essay Essay Example

Examinnig The Social Work Intervention Practice Social Work Essay Essay Example Examinnig The Social Work Intervention Practice Social Work Essay Essay Examinnig The Social Work Intervention Practice Social Work Essay Essay Evidence suggests that modern-day societal work pattern is faced with the quandary of how to direct its attempts chiefly to the hapless and needy in the UK and at the same clip to prosecute in societal public assistance policy to assist advance societal alteration. Harmonizing to Okitikpi and Aymer s ( 2003 ) societal work professionals working with African refugees are frequently defeated and ill resourced to pull off households who suffer from hard lifestyle experiences due to poverty and societal exclusions. Besides Okitikpi and Aymer ( 2003 ) are of the position that jobs of poorness and working in partnership with African households alleged of kid maltreatment or ill-treatment would be better and easier managed should societal workers engage in unfastened direct intercessions. Bernard A ; Gupta ( 2008 ) highlights the troubles societal workers face when measuring and doing intercessions sing African kids and their households whose civilizations differ from the bulk white popula tion in the UK. Therefore the statement that the mission of societal work is to advance societal alteration and alleviate poorness in society by prosecuting with societal public assistance policy instead than intercessions at household degrees is presently the pivot of strong argument. The term societal work intercession as defined by IFSW: Usually describes work undertaken with persons, households, groups and communities. In this context the term is to cover the usage of societal work cognition and accomplishments when utilizing it within a societal attention administration to ease the proviso of services and pattern consistent with the Codes of Practice and with criterions of service and pattern, and to advance societal inclusion and life chances of people utilizing the services IFSW ( 2000 ) . 4.1 Types of Social Work Intervention Harmonizing to Elde-Woodward ( 2002 ) , there are three cardinal methods or phases of intercession. The first method of intercession, Elde-Woodward describes as macro societal work intercession which involves directing societal work pattern to society or communities as a whole. This type of societal work pattern includes policy forming and protagonism on a national or international graduated table. The 2nd method of intercession is mezzo societal work pattern, which involves working with bureaus, little organisations, and other little groups straight or indirectly related to societal work pattern to do policies or developing plans for a peculiar community. The 3rd method of intercession is the Micro societal work pattern which involves offering direct service to persons and households. Hartnett et Al ( 2005 ) research on the function perceptual experiences of societal workers and societal work pupils shows that merely really few really prosecute in policy-practice that focal point on societal policy preparation and protagonism. There are a broad assortment of activities that falls under the class of societal work pattern and societal work professionals plants in many different scenes of employment. Basically societal workers engage in clinical pattern, find themselves working with persons or households. However, societal workers who serve in community pattern are engage with the mezzo or macro phases of societal work. Spratt et Al ( 2004 ) findings shows that societal work intercession with persons or households is the most popular and effectual method of intercession that conveying approximately societal alteration in single lives. Social work intercession aims to assist kids or households to place, and to set up appropriate relationships with societal workers that will heighten their support. The intent of the intercession is diverse and ranges from increasing life accomplishments or altering behavior to increase life options and to get by with altering life state of affairss and passages ( Smale, Tuson a nd Statham, 2000 ) . 4.2 Identifying and admiting kid maltreatment Many schools of idea argue that societal workers could help households populating in poorness to place issues of kid maltreatment by demoing empathy, set uping working relationships and prosecuting in appropriate intercessions. In any of the state of affairss there are a figure of factors doing African households populating in poorness to be alleged of maltreating or mistreating their kids. Some of these factors are hapless parenting patterns, deficiency of cognition about the Torahs refering in the state of abode and ethno-centric favoritism and racism ( Elder-Woodward, 2002 ) . Child maltreatment instances referred by other bureaus for the attending of local authorization societal services may ensue in intercessions that normally draw kids into kid protection system. Such intercessions do non ever see the fiscal and societal state of affairss such parents find themselves, but used by societal work professionals in mode to follow with authorities statute law and the duty of protecti ng or safeguarding kids. For case, parents populating on meager income barely could prolong the household fiscal committednesss, or such parents may non see the legal deductions of populating kids entirely in the house for work, every bit frequently such kids are seen rolling the streets or go school dropouts due to hapless parental attention and support. Social worker s typical part for households populating in utmost poorness and sing societal exclusion is o employ empathy, communicating and relationship accomplishments to assist place and to admit issues of kid maltreatment ( Spratt et al 2004 ) . Intervention within the societal work procedure is non a inactive, snapshot or a holistic procedure whereby societal workers arrives at unequivocal reply to protect vulnerable kids from farther injury. However, the cardinal interpersonal accomplishments require of societal workers is the key to placing the possible causes of child maltreatment or ill-treatment in a household scene, through the edifice of appropriate relationship with the households and join forcesing with other interested bureaus ( Lloyd and Taylor, 1990 ) . Most frequently than non societal workers take ethnocentric and prejudice attack at the initial contact with African households accused of kid maltreatment and accordingly arrive at a judgemental determination. With the right relationship with African households involve in kid maltreatment instances societal work professionals are positive to understand the demands of such households and what type of intercession is appropriate to assist turn to their jobs. Inter vention accomplishments used by societal workers tantrums most easy into the traditional models in which societal work is normally taught to measure uping pupils, but less easy recognized as intercession by most societal workers one time in pattern. Arguably, the nucleus accomplishments of intercession have non been grasped in its entity rehearsing societal workers and hence are non consciously transferred across state of affairss where is most needful. 4.3 Intervening kid maltreatment Social work involves step ining kids and household s state of affairs and jobs through assessment of what information is available and what information is gathered from the household after ab initio measuring the household s fiscal and societal position, with coaction with other administrations and professionals working with the household. Many writers argue that societal worker should take households alleged of kid maltreatment through the intercession procedure, foregrounding and explicating the importance of working together to hold on the most appropriate intercession needed to convey societal alteration. Furthermore, societal workers use a scope of cognition, theoretical accounts and models to make up ones mind what method of intercession is needed to accomplish the coveted consequence. To guarantee that collated information from all quarters leads to informed intercession, societal workers need to set up working relationships of trust with African households and other professio nals. They must be able to understand the socio-economic position and rearing patterns of African households, through their ain cognition and accomplishment, or by pulling on that of others. Social workers acknowledgment and apprehension of parents behavioral forms, complicated with poorness, apprehension of diverse civilizations and edifice of good working relationships are critical to successful intercessions. There is grounds in the literature to propose that societal workers and other related professionals have trouble furthering good working relationship with black African households alleged of kid maltreatment instances as such households have no trust in the kid protection system. Therefore societal workers need to develop the necessity accomplishments and behaviors to understand the jobs of African households populating under the poorness line, and who may hold small or no cognition of the kid protection system in the UK. In acknowledgment of the troubles inherent in deploying effectual intercessions the Department of Health introduced the Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families ( DH 2000 ) . Macdonald ( 2002 ) notes the booby traps that arise when carry oning appraisals taking to societal work intercession. It is non merely simple to follow a model puting out the countries to be investigated, as societal workers need to exert professional opinion and be a lert to unconscious prejudice which may crawl into the work, falsifying appraisals and the grade of intercessions. 4.4 Social Work Intervention and environmental influences Bernard A ; Gupta ( 2008 ) literature reappraisal on black African kids and kid protection system stress the inauspicious effects of poorness and societal exclusion on rearing capacity and kids s development, which have been identified as a major factor in most households involved in attention proceedings ( Brophy et al, 2003 ) . African households are proportionately more likely to populate in poorness than bulk Whites in Britain as many undertake low-income paid occupations ( Kyambi, 2005 ) , have their rights to back up services withdrawn under subdivision 17 of the 1989 Children Act, ( Kholi, 2006 ) and income, employment chances and entree to back up services are determined by their in-migration and refuge position ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, recognises the demand to protect kids who experience a disadvantaged childhood due to households populating in poorness, and requires authoritiess to guarantee all kids have an equal criterion of life as a basic right. The UN recognizes that want during childhood undermines the cardinal rights which kids, every bit good as grownups, should bask, including entree to identify services such as wellness, instruction and societal services ( Monteith A ; McLaughlin, 2005 ) . Available grounds shows that poorness and societal want during childhood has inauspicious effects on kids developments and bounds their capacity to make full potency and will perpetuate societal inequalities across coevalss within populations. The Labour authorities pledge to cut downing poorness in the state was a measure frontward to accomplish societal alteration among households, but did non explicitly specify the mark groups that are chiefly populating in utmost poorness. The Labour authorities s anti poorness scheme involves policies to increase the incomes of hapless households by bettering child-related benefits and revenue enhancement credits and the debut of a national lower limit pay. The authorities s Certain Start enterprise and the National Childcare Strategy in the UK provide low-cost child care proviso for working parents. Furthermore, the publication of the papers Every Child Matters set outs the authorities attack to the well-being of kids and immature people ( McLaughlin A ; Monteith 2005 ) . The certain start enterprise provides a batch of support to parents fighting to care for their kids, but the limited figure of subdivisions across the state merely seems to help the bulk white households. Bradshaw ( 2001 ) and Stewart A ; Hill ( 2005 ) argue that the authorities s kid poorness decrease schemes may be easier to accomplish in short-run footing but non accomplishing much in long term. The chief functionary working papers for many British kid protection societal workers is the Department of Health ( DoH ) , 1988 papers, Protecting Childs: A Guide for Social Workers set abouting a Comprehensive Appraisal, but has its restrictions when working with black African households ( Chands, 1999 ) . It is arguable to state that taking kids into public attention because their parents are non capable of supplying equal attention may be due to the backdown of all support services in conformity with subdivision 9 of the 2004 Asylum an Immigration Act ( Kelly A ; Meldgaard, 2005 ) . Evidence shows that basic physical attention that households are expected to supply for kids becomes limited by unequal lodging, unemployment, poorness, and societal exclusion peculiarly with black African households populating in poorness. It is argued that any assessment procedure that reflects the unequal proviso of attention as the failure of black people and as index of kid abuse instead than the effects of racial inequality is in itself racialist. Furthermore, as black African households are disadvantaged in many fortunes, it is arguable that they will confront higher degrees of hazard from the harmful effects of inappropriate societal work intercession and misjudgement ( Chands, 1999 ) . 4.5 Social Work Intervention and parental behavior The history of over-representation of black kids in the kid protection system, harmonizing to Chand ( 1999 ) dates back to the sixtiess. Research shows that black kids are speedy to come in into the kid protection system than their white opposite numbers, for grounds such as parenting behavior, civilization and societal and economic jobs. Many research work associating to the differences in child-rearing and poorness in the UK show that black African households are frequently at hazard of being stereotyped as non capable of rearing kids in the most appropriate manner. Therefore, societal workers have a duty to understand issues bordering the experiences of African kids at hazard of important injury, ad non to make the general feeling that all African households are non capable. Harmonizing to Chand ( 1999 ) despite the really noticeability of the diverseness of childhoods, we live and work in a society which tends to presume that there is merely one sort of childhood that is normal and ordinary ( Rogers, 1989, p. 97 ) . The issues of penalty, parental behavior and subject, complicated with poorness are controversial constructs among black African households populating in the UK, which frequently draw them into the sphere of kid protection system. Harmonizing to Bernard A ; Gupta ( 2008 ) , the literature that exists focuses on the African households where their parenting is deemed to be below the threshold of what is considered proper. This disfunction within African households can put on the line reproducing stereotypes of this group as deficient , therefore furthering a pathological point of view of African household relationship. It is widely accepted that black African household relationships with white societal workers working with them, is ever strained with misgiving and non-acceptance. Available research shows that ( Chands, 1999 ) , different child-rearing patterns, as a consequence of socio-economic position permeates different civilizations and societal workers working with households o f different cultural values and beliefs may see trouble in understanding what parental behavior are acceptable and non acceptable. Therefore, to separate whether a peculiar child-rearing pattern is aberrant to social norm, societal workers will ever hold to brood on the cognition acquired from both formal and informal preparation, experiences and their moral opinions, to use the most appropriate intercession procedure applicable to the household. Bernard A ; Gupta ( 2008 ) claims that African household relationships, like those of many minority cultural groups, are frequently constructed otherwise from the conventional atomic household theoretical account that exist in the bulk civilization in modern-day Britain. Cultural values and more significantly poverty influence the lives of many black African kids and their households involved in the kid protection system ( Thorburn et al, 2005 ) . In order for societal workers to set up a good working relationship when working with black A frican households and kids populating in poorness, Chands ( 1999 ) argues that it is paramount for societal workers to hold a sound cognition and apprehension of what is acceptable and unacceptable parental behavior within the cultural background of the households. If non, societal workers may step in in alleged kid maltreatment instances unsuitably. There are a few informations on the impact of poorness and cultural values in act uponing outlooks, motives, functions and attacks to rearing and comprehending what constitutes harmful behaviors ( Barn et al. , 2006 ) . It is problematic to specify in specific footings how kids should be subject from the position points of parents and professionals and what type and grade of penalties are deem appropriate for a misbehaving kid. Barn et Al ( 2006 ) findings show that African households do non penalize their kids any different from the bulk white households and that there is no grounds of utilizing more terrible physical penalty ( Thorburn et al. , 2005 ) . However, research shows that propertyless white households presumptively employ more slap, which is a signifier of physical penalty, in an effort to pull off kids behaviors and bodily penalty is still practise in schools outside the province sector, which are chiefly occupied by middle-class kids. Yet in general, as the huge bulk of African parents use physical penalty as a signifier of subject to pull off their kids behaviors, they are necessarily alleged of mistreating their kids ( Chands, 1999 ) . These are related to their cultural background, their socio-economic position, and their ain personalities ( Phillips A ; Dutt 2000 ) . For illustration, Ellis ( 2006 ) maintained that in African civilization there is small fondling and caressing of babies and any sort of fondling Michigans when the kid is coggling. Black Africans express their fondness and love in a different manner, through good physical attending, such as bathing, skin-care and hair-care ( Chands, 1999 ) . This illustrates the necessity to understand different civilizations in order to guard against misunderstandings of rearing behavior, and to inquire why a black African parent may non be demoing any obvious marks of fondness towards their kid. Furthermore, the unrealistic outlook by white societal workers should be intelligibly measured in the visible radiation of the parents anxiousness about their kids s hereafter sing the poorness degrees of many black African kids populating the United Kingdom ( Beranard A ; Gupta 2006 ) . With respect to duty and independency, many research shows that most white societal workers seem to follow euro-centric attack when working with black African kids and their households ( Chands, 1999 ) . In consequence black African kids are either non protected because they are seen to be able to get by with state of affairss non deemed appropriate for white kids, or where black African kids are non taking on similar duties to their white opposite numbers they are deemed to be at hazard of maltreatment or want ( Chands, 1999 ) . For case, the issue of older siblings caring for younger 1s in the instance with many black African households may be decisive in the workers appraisal of hazard of important injury to the kid. Harmonizing to Chands ( 1999 ) there is the demand to oppugn why this should be when a high degree of both duty and independency by the older sibling can be clearly demonstrated. It must be emphasized hence that although kid maltreatment occurs in all races and civil izations, workers must guard against sing suspected maltreatment through the norms and values of their ain background. A farther point is that black African households involuntariness or opposition to the appraisal and intercession procedure employ by societal workers working on alleged kid maltreatment instances should non be seen as grounds of guilt, as the system may be new to them or a good working relationship is non at that place. Finally, Chands ( 1999 ) explains that in order to do the intercession procedure fairer for all black African households, it is necessary for bulk white workers and establishments to understand that most black African parents may be less cognizant of kid protection processs, may be populating in poorness, and their experience in the UK do them more susceptible to the kid protection system. Some research workers have identified the importance of understanding how poverty complicate different cultural values, which in many instances explains the motive behind parental actions when pull offing unacceptable behaviors of their kids ( Barn et al, 2006 ) and in their resear ch on normative parenting there is no important differences between cultural groups with respect to physical penalty of kids ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . Chapter FIVE IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE There is some grounds in the literature to propose that societal workers and other professionals struggle to pull off the complex demands and societal fortunes of many African households ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Hayes A ; Spratt ( 2008 ) , societal workers are more engage with kid protection work, but non in manner that is readily understood by those who legislate, set policy and step public presentation. Social workers may miss the necessary tools to adequately distinguish boundary line instances from bad instances, twosome with hapless coaction with other professionals, sorting certain parenting patterns as politically and ethically unacceptable and their ain personal cultural values, they turn to route all boundary line kid maltreatment instances through the kid protection processes. It might look self-contradictory that in recent old ages societal workers, who are seen as the force for conformance, are often criticized for moving more in the involvements of society than in the involvements of service users. However, when societal workers relate more with households than merely taking to accomplish authorities s mark, they build good working relationships with those they serve and help emancipate them from subjugation, poorness and societal want. Therefore, societal workers prosecuting more with methods of intercession which liberate kids and their households from poorness, want and societal exclusion are truly working to the rules and moralss of societal work pattern as defined by IFSW in modern-day Britain. Social work professionals about ever draw entirely on sociology and political scientific discipline cognition base, believing that persons can be entirely human merely within the context of a benign environment and a merely societal order. Evidence shows that altering the societal system of African households who suffer subjugation through poorness and societal exclusion by authorising them, non merely means emancipating them from societal unfairness, but besides advancing household self-respect and felicity. Harmonizing to Bernard A ; Gupta ( 2008 ) the poorness and societal fortunes experience by many African households pose challenges for parents and kids, every bit good as societal work professionals working to safeguard and advance kids public assistance. Therefore, it is the demand of the societal workers to see African households poorness and societal fortunes before make up ones minding on what intercession procedure will most assist alter their life. Recent authorities s a ttempts to alter the nonsubjective societal work from possibly overemphasizes on kid protection docket to a more preventive attack in alleged kid maltreatment instances, have non wholly favoured African households populating in poorness who are accuse of being deficient in their child-rearing behaviors. Social workers constantly experience the quandary of taking between directing attempts to child public assistance procedure or kid protection procedure and non see kids endure farther maltreatment under the context of poorness. The broader development of the new theoretical positions based on systems theory will help societal work professionals working with kids and African households to see a more specific position of their functions and to assist develop effectual relationships with African households with the position of understanding their single, emotional every bit good as societal demands. A deficiency of good relationship with African households will adversely impact on societal workers ability to understand their parenting behaviors so as to use the appropriate method of intercession ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . There are four chief grounds for the demand for a new position. 5.1 Policy alterations ensuing in a alteration in method of intercession The policy environment to which societal work pattern relates continues to alter to convey about the necessary societal alteration. Harmonizing to Platt ( 2006 ) persistent demands on societal workers from the authorities and including unequal staff, the bureaucratism and cardinal authorities marks, and policies on refugees and refuge searchers, creates trouble for societal work to offer a broad scope of household support services. Research shows that many African households may profit more when they are routed off from kid protection system towards child public assistance services ( Hayes A ; Spratt, 2008 ) . However, the authorities s response to Lord Laming s Report in Every Child Matters following the decease of Victoria Climbie, has strengthen kid protection and increase the figure of instances routed through kid public assistance processes. Therefore it is of import for societal workers to subject rearing patterns influenced by poorness to thorough examination during assessmen t procedure to assist accomplish better results for African kids. Poverty can make signifiers of disempowerment for kids when it is used to warrant parental behaviors and patterns that violate their right ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . Further to this point, societal workers sometimes face opposition when measuring rearing jobs, and more significantly their opinions about what should be see as important injury, when parents use poorness as a yardstick for their behaviors. Chand ( 1999 ) argue that due to the big figure of instances of kid maltreatment and child protection issues among black African kids and households, societal workers should take the enterprise and be proactive by interceding with the households they serve, informing them about where they draw their boundaries. 5.2 Changes in the cognition and accomplishment base As with any profession there are both new attacks and new apprehensions about the effectivity of specific intercessions. Investing in research and the airing of cognition and accomplishments in wellness remains vast greater than in societal attention. But the strengthening of these resources in societal work and societal attention should ensue in more cognition based pattern and direction in the medium and long term. The instance for recognizing different beginnings of cognition has been made and the multiplicity of information collected in assorted sections need to include that produced through the experience and expertness of people utilizing the services and front line workers every bit good as from research. Harmonizing to Chand ( 1999 ) developing either officially or informally, is of import for societal workers working with black African households with child-rearing issues since it can raise the issue of how black African households meet their kids needs otherwise. The prepar ation should be integrated into the societal work developing course of studies in higher instruction and this would broaden the apprehension of pupils which may chase away some of the myths around black African households and their child-rearing patterns and relieve the potency of pathologizing them in kid attention patterns ( Chand, 1999 ) . 5.3 Technological and structural alterations Recent technological alterations, designation of spreads in cognition and skills new countries of working are emerging which is ensuing in the proviso of services falling behind service demands. For case planetary motions have necessitated the demand for societal workers to work with African kids and households migrating to the UK with bing hapless backgrounds, to work with asylum searchers or refugees get awaying from ain states in political convulsion or at war ( Newburn, 1993 ) . New engineerings and the turning acquaintance of the populace in utilizing societal public assistance services opens up new signifiers of intercessions peculiarly to help African households populating poorness in the UK. In countries where there is rapid development or new issues with societal work pattern there is the necessity in progress of theory. Schemes in these fortunes may include reassigning bing cognition and accomplishments to the new country, pulling on any international experience and expertn ess, networking to portion and larn from experience and research on demands and effectual responses. Initially these may necessitate to be done individually to construction a different position before it is possible to convey experience and larning together in new ways. 5.4 Multi organisational or Partnership Intervention For intercession to run into the needed mark, it all depends on proper initial appraisal, but many of the appraisal tools that are employ such as DoH ( 2000 ) Model for the Assessment of kids in demand and their households may disfavor black African households due to the Eurocentric attack of societal workers. Research shows that partnership is needed to encompass both good working relationships and appropriate intercession procedure ( Chand, 1999 ) . Against this background, kids in demand may be given preventive supports and will forestall vulnerable kids from maltreatment or ill-treatment. Therefore greater attending should be given to back up professional societal work pattern, and safeguarding the value base, the relationship and the procedure of good pattern, expertness of societal workers and related professions. 5.5 Deductions and issues for considerations Recent surveies on African households and the kid protection system show that these households are disproportionately represented at different degrees in the kid attention system. The bing intercession tools for societal work pattern are grounded within ethnocentric epistemologies and, as the foundation for societal work theory and pattern, are non good equipped for the undertaking of fostering and developing African households and their kids. This is apparent, for illustration, in the sustained over-representation of black kids in the attention system and in the deficiency of supportive societal work services designed to run into their demands. It is hence of import for the development of new theoretical positions based on systems theory to assist societal workers who work with African kids and households. This will enable societal workers to take a broader position of their function and to develop a graphic perceptual experience of rearing behaviors and patterns of these households which are complicated with poorness so that a more appropriate method of intercession are employed in their opinion. The utmost poorness experience by many African households pose challenges for societal workers working to safeguard and advance kids s public assistance ( Bernard and Gupta, 2008 ) . The Model for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families ( Department of Health, 2000 ) based on the ecological attack places a demand on societal workers to besides see the low income position of parents when step ining instances of kid maltreatment. These attacks provide an indispensable model for work with African kids and households, both in footings of the context of their lives and the procedure of the work being undertaken. In order to safeguard and advance the public assistance of West African kids, a starting point must be an recognition of beginnings of ill-treatment of kids in the context of poorness ( Bernard and Gupta, 2006 ) . The thesis highlights the importance of societal workers sing the poorness state of affairss of many African households who have immigrated to the United Kingdom, peculiarly those who have late arrived into the state. Most of the African households may be asylum searchers or refugees with insecure societal position and may hold really limited apprehension of the kid protection or public assistance province system in the UK ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2008 ) . Therefore merely through developing effectual relationships with African kids and their households can societal workers begin to understand their single quandaries every bit good as their socio-economic demands. A deficiency of an effectual agencies of communicating will doubtless impact on societal workers ability to deploy competent intercessions within African kids and households. In footings of societal work intercession procedure, several writers have critically analysed the grounds on service proviso for black African households in general, in an effort to understand the kineticss of working with economically deprived cultural minority ( Dutt and Phillips, 2000 ; ONeale, 2000 ) . The pathologizing attack adopted by bulk societal workers towards African households may take to unnecessarily coercive intercession but, an income relativist attack may take to no intercession subjecting vulnerable kids to farther injury ( Chand, 1999 and ONeale, 2000 ) . The acceptance of a shortage position can skew societal work intercessions into rearing behavior and patterns when measuring African households and kids populating in utmost poorness who are enduring to supply equal child-care. However, it is of import to observe that utilizing poorness as one factor to understand and warrant parenting behaviors and patterns, is non merely plenty to explicate why some African households will pattern certain behaviors, whilst others will non ( Dutt and Phillips, 2000 ; Fontes, 2005 ) . However, holding socio-economic frames of mentions to pull on can assist rear go more resilient to economic hardship and this can supply a positive environment for advancing kids s emotional and societal development. Yet, poorness can besides make signifiers of disempowerment for kids when it is used to warrant parental behaviors and patterns that violate their human rights. Social workers, working with African households, may meet some opposition to their methods of intercession of rearing jobs and, in peculiar, their judgements about what constitute important injury, when parents use poorness as an account for their parenting behavior ( Shor, 2000 ) . Importantly, subjecting household income position to scrutiny is a necessary tool of the appraisal procedure if societal workers are to step in efficaciously so as to accomplish better results for African kids. In many senses, a balance should be struck between sensitively disputing claims that certain types of behaviors are considere d as socially acceptable in African civilization because they are hapless whilst at the same clip non losing sight of the proviso of preventive support to households that need it. An added bed of complication is the demand to safeguard kids s public assistance by disputing poverty-related patterns that are harmful to kids without needfully pathologizing all their parents care-giving patterns ( Platt, 2006 ) . Built-in in kid protection work is the balance between protecting kids at hazard of important injury, whilst at the same clip guaranting minimum unneeded intercession into the lives of kids and households. Although there are about 6,000 African kids in private Foster places in this state, and they likely represent a bulk of all in private fostered kids in the UK ( Bernard A ; Gupta, 2006 ) . Social workers must non merely be skilled in judging what methods of intercessions to use within the scope of their ain competency, but they must be able to judge the fortunes under which these methods are either insufficient or irrelevant to the aims they wish to accomplish. This is peculiarly true in fortunes where resources are unequal and the Government want to cut down the figure of kids traveling into attention. It becomes evident therefore that societal workers have to be concerned with the entire web of societal proviso, and should lend to policy preparation. Specht ( 2002 ) argues that the call for societal workers to get into the political sphere nevertheless, temporarily animating is likely to go forth many experiencing unequal. Specht ( 2002 ) besides pointed out that policy preparation is a procedure that entails many different undertakings and functions, and that all professionals can larn to lend to the procedure in whatever is the most appropriate manner for them. Th e mode in which Specht ( 2002 ) classifies societal work functions and specific undertakings, based as it is on the American experience in 1967, may non exactly fit into the current state of affairs in the UK. Nevertheless, the point that all societal workers, no affair what places they occupy or what methods of societal work intercession they employ, can and should play a portion in policy preparation still holds good.